Publications

2025

2025 EIC-France Workshop: Physics Highlights and Perspectives
- Arleo F
- Bertone V
- Bettane J
- Blossier B
- Bock F
- Bossù F
- Boussarie R
- Bouyjou F
- Brand-Foissac O
- Bucuru Rodriguez N.L
- Calvelli V
- Caucal P
- Chatagnon P
- Daskalas D
- de la Taille C
- Deconinck W
- Delbart A
- Didelez J
- Dulucq F
- Ziehlmann P. Dumas
- Dupre R
- Berni M. El
- Extier S
- Fazio S
- Francisco A
- Fucilla M
- Gardner S
- Guenego B
- Guillossou-Jnaid K
- Hoballah M
- d'Hose N
- Huang H
- Iancu E
- Jalilian-Marian J
- Jeanneau F
- Rajan A. John Rubesh
- Kachkachi N.E
- Kuan C.-T
- Lajoie J
- Lansberg J.P
- Serin L
- Le Dortz O
- Le Roux Y
- Lynch K
- Marchand D
- Marquet C
- Mehrez F
- Mezrag C
- Migayron A
- Montaña G
- Moutarde H
- Muñoz Camacho C
- Nabeebaccus S
- Neyret D
- Nguyen M
- Niccolai S
- Obraztsov S
- Panebianco S.M
- Perez D
- Pire B
- Ronayette M
- Royer L
- Sazdjian H
- Schienbein I
- Sharma A
- Shatat A
- Shi Y
- Soulier A
- Szymanowski L
- Thienpont D
- Torrento A
- van Hulse C
- Verplancke A
- Vetter S
- Voutier E
- Yarwick J
- Wanlin E
- Wallon S
- Zaidan Z
, 2025. This document presents a synthesis of the theory contributions and discussions from the 2nd EIC-France Workshop, held at IJCLab (Orsay) on 1-3 December 2025. The workshop brought together members of the French hadron-physics community to review recent theoretical developments relevant to the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) and to coordinate national efforts in preparation for its early physics program. The report first summarizes the collider's initial running conditions and luminosity performance, as outlined in the EIC Early Science Matrix. It then provides concise overviews of the theoretical presentations on inclusive, semi-inclusive, exclusive, heavy-flavor, and small-x physics. Based on these discussions, two measurements emerged as especially well suited for early EIC operation and strongly aligned with areas of established French expertise: inclusive diffraction and inclusive quarkonium production. These channels offer clean signatures, robust theoretical interpretability, and direct sensitivity to fundamental QCD phenomena such as gluon saturation, heavy-quark dynamics, and the small-x structure of hadrons and nuclei. In addition, the workshop identified longer-term physics opportunities that will benefit from the full capabilities of the EIC after its ramp-up phase. These include accessing the three-dimensional structure of the pion through the Sullivan process and a broader program of exclusive three-body final states, both of which represent high-impact avenues for exploring hadronic structure and non-perturbative QCD. Together, the elements summarized in this report provide a coherent overview of the strategic priorities and scientific ambitions shaping the French community's contribution to the EIC physics program.
Leakage current of high-fluence neutron-irradiated 8" silicon sensors for the CMS Endcap Calorimeter Upgrade
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- Adams T
- Afanasiev S
- Agrawal C
- Ahmad A
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- Akbar S
- Akchurin N
- Akgul B
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- Akpinar R.O
- Al Kadhim A
- Alam D
- Alexakhin V
- Alimena J
- Alison J
- Alpana A
- Alshehri W
- Alton Z
- Dominguez P. Alvarez
- Alyari M
- Ranz R. Amella
- Amendola C
- Amir R.B
- Andersen S.B
- Andreev Y
- Antoszczuk P.D
- Aras U
- Ardila L
- Aspell P
- Avila M
- Awad I
- Aydilek O
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- Bainbridge R
- Bakshi A
- Bam B
- Banerjee S
- Barney D
- Bayraktar O
- Beaudette F
- Beaujean F
- Becheva E
- Behera P.K
- Belloni A
- Bendigo S
- Bergauer T
- Besancon M
- Bylund O. Bessidskaia
- Bhatt L
- Bhattacharya S
- Bhowmil D
- Bi N
- Biriukov K
- Blekman F
- Blinov P
- Bloch P
- Bodek A
- Boger A
- Boldrini G
- Bonnemaison A
- Bouyjou F
- Bragagnolo A
- Brennan L
- Brondolin E
- Brusamolino A
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- Chatterjee R.M
- Chatterjee S
- Chattopadhyay P
- Chatzistavrou T
- Chaudhary M.S
- Chen P
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- Chhikara J
- Chiron A
- Chiusi M
- Chokheli D
- Chou Y
- Chudasama R
- Clement E
- Mendez S. Coco
- Coko D
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- Cremonesi M
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- Cui Z
- Cuisset T.D
- Cummings G
- Curtis E.M
- d'Alfonso M
- D-Hler-Ball J
- Dadazhanova O
- Damgov J
- Darwish M.R
- Das I
- Gupta S. Das
- Dauncey P
- Mendes A. David Tinoco
- Davies G
- Davignon O
- de Barbaro P
- de la Taille C
- de Silva M
- de Wit A
- Debbins P
- Debnath T
- Defranchis M.M
- Delagnes E
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- Devouge P
- Di Guglielmo G
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- Dincer G.G
- Dittmann J
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- Duran B
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- Dutta V
- Dychkant A
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- Onyie F. Ebode
- Edberg T
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- El Berni A.
- Elias F
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- Erdogan E.N
- Erkmen B
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- Ertorer E.Y
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- Eychenne L
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- de Almeida J.P. Figueiredo de Sá Sousa
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- Freeman J
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- Gungordu A.D
- Guo K
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- Heering A.H
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- Hinzmann A
- Hirschauer J
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- Tharayil A. Kallil
- Kaluzinska O
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- Neutelings I
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, 2025. The HL-LHC will challenge the detectors with a nearly 10-fold increase in integrated luminosity compared to the previous LHC runs combined, thus the CMS detector will be upgraded to face the higher levels of radiation and the larger amounts of collision data to be collected. The High-Granularity Calorimeter will replace the current endcap calorimeters of the CMS detector. It will facilitate the use of particle-flow calorimetry with its unprecedented transverse and longitudinal readout/trigger segmentation, with more than 6M readout channels. The electromagnetic section as well as the high-radiation regions of the hadronic section of the HGCAL (fluences above $10^{14}~n_{eq.}/cm^{2}$) will be equipped with silicon pad sensors, covering a total area of 620 m$^2$. Fluences up to $10^{16}~n_{eq.}/cm^{2}$ and doses up to 1.5 MGy are expected. The sensors are processed on novel 8" p-type wafers with an active thickness of 300 $μm$, 200 $μm$ and 120 $μm$ and cut into hexagonal shapes for optimal use of the wafer area and tiling. Each sensor contains several hundred individually read out cells of two sizes (around 0.6 cm$^2$ or 1.2 cm$^2$). To investigate the radiation-induced bulk damage, the sensors have been irradiated with neutrons at RINSC to fluences between $6.5 \times 10^{14}~n_{eq.}/cm^{2}$ and $1.4 \times 10^{16}~n_{eq.}/cm^{2}$. Electrical characterization results are presented for full sensors, as well as for partial sensors cut from multi-geometry wafers with internal dicing lines on the HV potential within the active sensor area. Leakage current behaviour is investigated for various sensor types and fluence levels, including its temperature dependence. Finally, methods to limit the annealing time of the sensors during irradiation are investigated by analysing the impact of splitting high-fluence irradiations.
CALOROC-B: A Fully Integrated 36-Channel ASIC for SiPM Readout at EIC
- Dulucq F
- Bouyjou F
- Dinaucourt P
- de La Taille C
- Berni A.El
- Extier S
- Firlej M
- Fiutowski T
- Guilloux F
- Idzik M
- Moron J
- Swientek K
- Thienpont D
- Dumas P
, 2025. The CALOROC-B ASIC has been designed to read out the SiPMs for the ePIC detector at the EIC collider. Each of its 36 channels is composed of a high-gain preamplifier, two low-power preamplifiers, a dynamic gain switching mechanism, a shaper, and two ADCs to read the energy. A discriminator is connected to a TDC to provide the time-of-arrival measurements. This work presents the ASIC architecture and its simulation results. The ASIC has been designed to read out large SiPMs (up to 10 nF), be radiation tolerant, and have a large dynamic range (up to 17 bits) while maintaining high resolution. (10.1109/NSS/MIC/RTSD57106.2025.11287576)
DOI : 10.1109/NSS/MIC/RTSD57106.2025.11287576
Design to production of HGCROC3 and H2GCROC3: radiation-hard front-end ASICs for the CMS HGCAL
- Bouyjou F
- Delagnes E
- Dulucq F
- El Berni A
- Extier S
- Firlej M
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- Guilloux F
- Idzik M
- Koumeir C
- de La Taille C
- Moron J
- Swientek K
- Thienpont D
, 2026, 21 (01), pp.C01016. The CMS High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL), developed for the High luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC), uses custom ASICs — HGCROC3 and H2GCROC3 — to read out silicon sensors and SiPM-on-tile modules. These chips provide precise charge and timing measurements, digital processing for triggering, and are designed to operate in harsh radiation conditions. Version 3 of the chips implements all final features, with sub-versions a–d addressing bugs and improving radiation tolerance. Extensive testing has been performed in lab and beam environments. The proceedings covers chip design, performance, and SEE-related issues and fixes. (10.1088/1748-0221/21/01/C01016)
DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/21/01/C01016
Performance and lessons learnt from system-level testing of ALTIROC-A, the pre-production ASIC for the ATLAS High Granularity Timing Detector
- Seguin-Moreau Nathalie
, 2026, 21 (03), pp.C03038. The High Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD) for the ATLAS experiment, within the HL-LHC upgrade, uses Low Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) sensors for high-precision timing measurements.ALTIROC-A is the pre-production 225-channel readout ASIC, providing both luminosity and time-of-arrival measurements. The full system targets a resolution of 50 ps per hit initially and 70 ps after full irradiation.Production of 25,000 ALTIROC-A ASICs began in summer 2025. Extensive testing was performed at various stages, including standalone, hybrid, and module setups. Tests were conducted under irradiation, in test-beams, and with a probe station at wafer level.This contribution presents performance and difficulties encountered. (10.1088/1748-0221/21/03/C03038)
DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/21/03/C03038
The ILD Detector: A Versatile Detector for an Electron-Positron Collider at Energies up to 1 TeV
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- Cepeda M
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- de la Taille C
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- del Valle A. Escalante
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- Winter A
- Winter M
- Yamamoto H
- Yamamoto K
- Yonamine R
- Yonemoto T
- Zalesak J
- Zarnecki A.F
- Zeitnitz C
- Zembaczynski K
- Zerwas D
- Zhang Y
- Zomer F
- Zutshi V
, 2025. The International Large Detector, ILD, is a detector concept for an experiment at a future high energy lepton collider. The detector has been optimised for precision physics in a range of energies from 90~GeV to about 1~TeV. ILD features a high precision, large volume combined silicon and gaseous tracking system, together with a high granularity calorimeter, all inside a central solenoidal magnetic field. The paradigm of particle flow has been the guiding principle of the design of ILD. ILD is based mostly on technologies which have been demonstrated by extensive research and test programs. The ILD concept is proposed both for linear and circular lepton collider, be it at CERN or elsewhere. The concept has been developed by a group of nearly 60 institutes from around the world, and offers a well developed and powerful environment for science and technology studies at lepton colliders. In this document, the required performance of the detector, the proposed implementation and the readiness of the different technologies needed for the implementation are discussed.
Characterization and absolute calibration of R11265 multi-anode photomultiplier tubes for the JEM-EUSO space and balloon program, I: Methods and generic features
- Parizot E
- Trofimov D
- Blin S
- Creusot A
- Allard D
- Baret B
- Barrillon P
- Battisti M
- Belov A.A
- Blaksley C
- Gorodetzky P
- Klimov P.A
- Msihid E
- Piotrowski L
- Prévôt G
- Szabelski J
- de la Taille C
Astroparticle Physics, Elsevier, 2025, 171, pp.103112. Over the last decade, the Joint Exploratory Missions for an Extreme Universe Space Observatory (JEM-EUSO) collaboration has developed several balloon and space missions implementing different versions of a dedicated camera based on multi-anode photomultiplier tubes (MAPMTs) used in single photoelectron counting mode, in the near ultra-violet. In this paper, we present the experimental techniques developed to calibrate these MAPMTs and determine their main characteristics, relevant to the JEM-EUSO applications. Our results include the absolute calibration of the MAPMTs in both full illumination and localized illumination modes, the measurement of the so-called s-curves and their fitting with a newly developed fitting formula, the study of cross-talk and residual non-Poissonian behaviour, the determination of the physical size of the individual pixels, the wavelength dependence of the photodetection efficiency, the characterization of the pile-up effect and the determination of the corresponding double pulse resolution using a dedicated readout implementing the SPACIROC-3 Application-specific integrated circuit. These techniques allowed us to identify generic features of the MAPMTs of type R11265 from Hamamatsu, including the occasional occurrence of multiple counting of single photons, which the Hamamatsu company was then able to correct and eliminate. We find that the reliability, high-efficiency and homogeneity of these MAPMTs is well suited for the multi-disciplinary scientific objectives of the JEM-EUSO collaboration. The application of our techniques to the characterization and absolute calibration of the fluorescence camera of the EUSO-SPB2 mission is presented in an accompanying paper. (10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103112)
DOI : 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103112
Thermal Cycling Reliability of Hybrid Pixel Sensor Modules for The ATLAS High Granularity Timing Detector
- Li Y
- Aboulhorma A
- Tamlihat M. Ait
- Alfanda H.M
- Atanov N
- Atanova O
- Azzouzi I
- da Costa J. Barreiro Guimarães
- Beau T
- Benchekroun D
- Bendebba F
- Bimgdi Y
- Blot A
- Boikov A
- Bonis J
- Boumediene D
- Brito C
- Brogna A.S
- Burger A.M
- Cadamuro L
- Cai Y
- Cartalade N
- Mohr R. Casanova
- Che Y
- Chen X
- Moursli R. Cherkaoui El
- Chow E.Y.S
- Corpe L.D
- Crozatier C.G
- d'Eramo L
- Dahbi S
- Dannheim D
- Daubard G
- Davydov Y.I
- Debevc J
- Degerli Y
- Delagnes E
- Deliot F
- de La Taille C
- Dhellot M
- Dinaucourt P
- Di Gregorio G
- de Assis P.J. dos Santos
- Duan C
- Duarte O
- Dulucq F
- Ehrecke J
- Ghazali Y. El
- Moussaouy A. El
- Estevam R
- Falou A
- Fan L
- Fan Z
- Fan Y
- Farman K
- Fassi F
- Feng Y
- Ferreira M
- Filthaut F
- Fischer F
- Fu J
- Fusté P
- de Andrade G. Gaspar
- Ge Z
- Gonçalo R
- Gouighri M
- Grinstein S
- Gritsay K
- Guilloux F
- Guindon S
- Haddad A
- Hammoud S.E.D
- Han L
- Correia A.M. Henriques
- Hidaoui M
- Hiti B
- Hofner J
- Hou S
- Hsu P.J
- Hu K
- Huang Y
- Huang X
- Insa C
- Jeglot J
- Jia X
- Kramberger G
- Kuriyama M
- Ky B.Y
- Lacour D
- Lafarge A
- Lakssir B
- Lantheaume A
- Laporte D
- Leopold A
- Li M
- Li S
- Li L
- Li S
- Li H
- Li Z
- Liang Z
- Liang S
- Leite M.A. Lisboa
- Liu B
- Liu Y.L
- Liu K
- Liu K
- Liu Y.W
- Lu M
- Lu Y.J
- Alves F.L. Lucio
- Lyu F
- Ma X
- Ma K
- Macina D
- Madar R
- Makovec N
- Malyukov S
- Mandić I
- Manoussos T
- Manzoni S
- Martin-Chassard G
- Martins F
- Masetti L
- Mazini R
- Mazzeo E
- Menegasso R
- Meyer J.-P
- Miao Y
- Migayron A
- Mihovilovic M
- Milovanovic M
- Missio M
- Moskalenko V
- Mouadili N
- Moussa A
- Nikolic-Audit I
- Ohm C.C
- Okawa H
- Okkerman S
- Ouchrif M
- Pénélaud C
- Parreira A
- Pascual Dias B.
- Bel J. Pinol
- Puhl P.-O
- Puklavec M
- Qi M
- Qin J
- Ren H
- Riani H
- Ridaouni S
- Rogozin V
- Royer L
- Rudnyckyj F
- Saad E.F
- Saito G.T
- Salem A
- Santos H
- Schwemling Ph
- Seguin-Moreau N
- Serin L
- Fernandez R.P. Serrano
- Sha Q
- Shaikovskii A
- Shan L
- Shen R
- Shi X
- Skomina P
- Smitmanns H
- Snoek H.L
- Soulier A.P
- Stein A
- Stenzel H
- Strandberg J
- Sun W
- Sun X
- Sun Y
- Tan Y
- Tariq K
- Tayalati Y
- Terzo S
- Torrento Coello A.
- Trincaz-Duvoid S
- Voorde U.M. Vande
- Velkovska I
- Vieira R.P
- Lopes L.A. Vieira
- Visibile A
- Wan J
- Wang W
- Wang C
- Wang Y
- Wang Y
- Wang A
- Wang T
- Wang T
- Wang S.M
- Weitzel Q
- Wu J
- Wu W
- Wu Y
- Wu M
- Xia L
- Xu H
- Xu D
- Xu L
- Yan Z
- Yang X
- Yang X
- Yang H
- Yang H
- Ye J
- Youbi I
- Yuan J
- Zahir I
- Zeng H
- Zhang T
- Zhang J
- Zhang Z
- Zhang L
- Zhang D
- Zhao M
- Zhao Z
- Zheng X
- Zhou Z
- Zhu Y
- Zhuang X
JINST, 2025, 20 (11), pp.P11003. The reliability of bump connection structures has become a critical aspect of future silicon detectors for particle physics. The High Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD) for the ATLAS experiment at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider will require 8032 hybrid pixel sensor modules, composed of two Low Gain Avalanche Diode sensors bump-bonded to two readout ASICs and glued to a passive PCB. The detector will operate at low temperature (-30 degrees Celsius) to mitigate the impact of irradiation. The thermomechanical reliability of flip-chip bump connections in HGTD modules is a critical concern, particularly due to their characteristically lower bump density (pixel pitch dimensions of 1.3 mm by 1.3 mm). This paper elaborates on the challenges arising from this design characteristic. Finite element analysis and experimental testing were employed to investigate failure modes in the flip-chip bump structures under thermal cycling from -45 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Celsius and to guide the module redesign. The optimized design demonstrates significantly enhanced robustness and is projected to fulfill the full lifetime requirements of the HGTD. (10.1088/1748-0221/20/11/P11003)
DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/20/11/P11003
Characterization and absolute calibration of R11265 multi-anode photomultiplier tubes for the JEM-EUSO space and balloon program: II. Application to the EUSO-SPB2 photodetection modules
- Trofimov D
- Parizot E
- Klimov P.A
- Belov A.A
- Creusot A
- Allard D
- Baret B
- Battisti M
- Blin S
- Casolino M
- Ebisuzaki T
- Filippatos G
- Msihid E
- Murashov A
- Olinto A.V
- Osteria G
- Prévôt G
- Szabelski J
- Takizawa Y
- Wiencke L
Astroparticle Physics, Elsevier, 2025, 172, pp.103131. The fluorescence camera of the EUSO-SPB2 mission is the last and most advanced implementation of the technology developed within the JEM-EUSO (Joint Exploratory Missions for an Extreme Universe Space Observatory) collaboration to study ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), extensive atmospheric showers and transient luminous events from space. It consists of three photodetection modules, each hosting nine elementary cells with 36 multi-anode photomultiplier tubes (MAPMTs), for a total of 6912 pixels. The associated electronics was designed to operate in single photon counting mode. In this paper, we apply the calibration techniques presented in the accompanying paper (Paper I) to characterize the photodetectors of the EUSO-SPB2 fluorescence camera. In particular, we determine the photodetection efficiency and physical size of each pixel. We find an average efficiency of <math altimg="si1.svg" display="inline" id="d1e1478"><mo>∼</mo></math>32%. We also examine its dependence with high voltage and photon wavelength, and determine the double pulse resolution of the different channels, of the order of 10 ns. (10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103131)
DOI : 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103131
An end-to-end calibration of the Mini-EUSO detector in space
- Battisti M
- Bertaina M
- Parizot E
- Abrate M
- Barghini D
- Belov A
- Bisconti F
- Blaksley C
- Blin S
- Capel F
- Casolino M
- Churilo I
- Coretti A.G
- Crisconio M
- de la Taille C
- Ebisuzaki T
- Fenu F
- Franceschi M.A
- Fuglesang C
- Gallian S
- Gardiol D
- Golzio A
- Gorodetzky P
- Kajino F
- Kasuga H
- Klimov P
- Kungel V
- Kuznetsov V
- Manfrin M
- Marcelli L
- Marszał W
- Mascetti G
- Mignone M
- Miyamoto H
- Murashov A
- Napolitano T
- Ohmori H
- Olinto A
- Picozza P
- Piotrowski L.W
- Plebaniak Z
- Prévôt G
- Reali E
- Reynaud F
- Ricci M
- Romoli G
- Sharakin S
- Shinozaki K
- Szabelski J
- Takizawa Y
- Vagelli V
- Valentini G
- Vrabel M
- Wiencke L
- Zotov M
Astroparticle Physics, Elsevier, 2025, 165, pp.103057. Mini-EUSO is a wide Field-of-View (44<math altimg="si1.svg" display="inline" id="d1e2452"><mrow><msup><mrow/><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup><mo linebreak="goodbreak" linebreakstyle="after">×</mo><mn>4</mn><msup><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math>) telescope currently in operation from a nadir-facing Ultra-Violet (UV) transparent window in the Russian Zvezda module on the International Space Station (ISS). Mini-EUSO has been designed as a scaled-down version of the original JEM-EUSO telescope to raise its instrumentation’s technological readiness level and demonstrate its observational principle, while performing multidisciplinary studies on different fields such as atmospheric science and planetology. One of Mini-EUSO main goals is the study of the UV background for future space missions employing the same concept as the original JEM-EUSO telescope, which requires an absolute calibration of the Mini-EUSO instrument. During the past years, a few observational campaigns have been completed, employing a ground-based UV flasher to perform an end-to-end calibration of the instrument. In this paper, we present the assembled UV flasher system, the operation of the field campaign and the analysis of the obtained data. The results are interpreted by the means of a parametrization of the Mini-EUSO photon counts. The end-to-end efficiency of several pixels has been obtained, taking into account different parameters such as the atmospheric attenuation, the optics efficiency and the multi-anode photomultiplier detection efficiency. (10.1016/j.astropartphys.2024.103057)
DOI : 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2024.103057
CALOROC$^{1}$B, an integrated front-end ASIC to readout SiPMs for the ePIC detector at EIC
- Dumas P
- Bouyjou F
- Dinaucourt P
- de La Taille C
- Dulucq F
- El Berni A
- Extier S
- Firlej M
- Fiutowski T
- Guilloux F
- Idzik M
- Moron J
- Swientek K
- Thienpont D
JINST, 2025, 20 (11), pp.P11024. The CALOROC1B ASIC has been designed to read out the SiPMsfor the ePIC detector at the EIC collider. Each of its 36-channelsis composed of a high-gain preamplifier, two low-powerpreamplifiers, a dynamic gain switching mechanism, a shaper, and twoADCs to measure the energy, with a discriminator connected to a TDCfor time-of-arrival measurements. This work presents the ASICarchitecture and its simulation results. The ASIC has been designedto read large SiPMs (up to 10 nF), be resilient to radiation, andhave a large dynamic range (up to 140k measured as Qmax/Noise)while keeping a good resolution. (10.1088/1748-0221/20/11/P11024)
DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/20/11/P11024

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