Publications

2021

• First Characterization of AC-LGAD Sensors using a Readout ASIC
  
  • D’amen G.
  • Chen W.
  • de la Taille C.
  • Giacomini G.
  • Marchand D.
  • Morenas M.
  • Camacho C.Munoz
  • Rossi E.
  • Seguin-Moreau N.
  • Serin L.
  • Tricoli A.
  • Wang P.K.
  , 2021, pp.1-6. The development of detectors that provide high resolution in four dimensions has attracted wide-spread interest in the scientific community for several applications in high-energy physics, nuclear physics, medical imaging, mass spectroscopy, as well as quantum information. The Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) silicon detector has already shown excellent timing performances, but since fine pixelization of LGADs is difficult to achieve, the AC-coupled LGAD (AC-LGAD) approach was introduced to provide high spatial resolution. In this type of device, the signal is capacitively induced on fine-pitched electrodes placed over an insulator and is shared among multiple electrodes. AC-LGADs are therefore considered as promising candidates for future detectors to provide 4-dimensional measurements with high resolution in both space and time dimensions. AC-LGAD sensors designed and fabricated at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (USA) have been coupled and read-out using a fast-time ASIC prototype, the ATLAS LGAD Timing Integrated Read-Out Chip (ALTIROC) that was developed by Omega/IJCLab (France) for the ATLAS timing detector at the HL-LHC. The response of an AC-LGAD strip sensors to beta particles and IR photons has been measured using the ALTIROC0 ASIC and used to study signal sharing, as well as spatial and time resolution of the AC-LGAD sensor. (10.1109/NSS/MIC44867.2021.9875914)
  DOI : 10.1109/NSS/MIC44867.2021.9875914
• HGCROC3: the front-end readout ASIC for the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter
  
  • Bouyjou F.
  • Bombardi G.
  • Dulucq F.
  • El Berni A.
  • Extier S.
  • Firlej M.
  • Fiutowski T.
  • Guilloux F.
  • Idzik M.
  • de La Taille C.
  • Marchioro A.
  • Molenda A.
  • Moron J.
  • Swientek K.
  • Thienpont D.
  • Vergine T.
  , 2022, 17 (03), pp.C03015. For the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter (CE), the final version of the 72-channel front-end ASIC (HGCROC3) was submitted in December 2020. HGCROC3 includes low-noise/high-gain preamplifiers/shapers and a 10-bit 40 MHz successive approximation ADC (SAR-ADC) that provide the charge measurement over the linear range of the preamplifier. In the saturation range, a discriminator and a time-to-digital converter (TDC) provide the charge information from the time over threshold (ToT; 200 ns dynamic range, 50 ps binning). A fast discriminator and another TDC provide timing information to 25 ps accuracy. The chip embeds all necessary ancillary services: bandgap circuit, PLL, threshold DACs. We present the experimental results on the latest and final version (HGCROC3) received in April 2021. (10.1088/1748-0221/17/03/C03015)
  DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/17/03/C03015
• HGCROC2: the front-end readout ASICs for the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter
  
  • Bouyjou F.
  • Bombardi G.
  • Callier S.
  • Dinaucourt P.
  • Dulucq F.
  • El Berni M.
  • Guilloux F.
  • Idzik M.
  • de La Taille C.
  • Marchioro A.
  • Moron J.
  • Raux L.
  • Thienpont D.
  • Vergine T.
  , 2022, 2374 (1), pp.012070. The CMS High-Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) imposes extremely challenging specifications for the front-end electronics: high dynamic range, low noise, high-precision time information and low power consumption, as well as the need to select and transmit trigger information with a high transverse and longitudinal granularity. HGCROC2 is the second prototype of the readout chip embedding almost all the final functionalities. It has 72 channels of the full analog chain: low noise and high gain preamplifier and shapers, a 10-bit 40 MHz SAR-ADC which provides the charge measurement over the linear range of the preamplifier, after the preamplifier saturation a discriminator and TDC provide the charge information from ToT (200 ns dynamic range and 50 ps binning), and a fast discriminator and TDC provide timing information to 25 ps accuracy. This paper reports on the performance in terms of noise, charge and timing, the DAQ and Trigger paths, as well as results from radiation qualification with total ionizing dose (TID) and heavy ions for single-event effects (SEE). (10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012070)
  DOI : 10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012070
• Mass production and characterization of 3-inch PMTs for the JUNO experiment
  
  • Cao Chuanya
  • Xu Jilei
  • He Miao
  • Abusleme Angel
  • Bongrand Mathieu
  • Bordereau Clément
  • Breton Dominique
  • Cabrera Anatael
  • Campeny Agustin
  • Cerna Cédric
  • Chen Haoqiang
  • Chen Po-An
  • Claverie Gérard
  • Conforti Di Lorenzo Selma
  • de La Taille Christophe
  • Druillole Frédéric
  • Fournier Amélie
  • Grassi Marco
  • Gu Xiaofei
  • Haacke Michael
  • Han Yang
  • Hellmuth Patrick
  • Heng Yuekun
  • Herrera Rafael
  • Hsiung Yee
  • Hu Bei-Zhen
  • Huang Yongbo
  • Huss Cédric
  • Jeria Ignacio
  • Jing Xiaoping
  • Jollet Cécile
  • Lebrin Victor
  • Lefère Frédéric
  • Li Hongwei
  • Li Nan
  • Liu Hongbang
  • Liu Xiwen
  • Lubsandorzhiev Bayarto
  • Lubsandorzhiev Sultim
  • Lukanov Arslan
  • Maalmi Jihane
  • Meregaglia Anselmo
  • Navas-Nicolas Diana
  • Ochoa-Ricoux Juan Pedro
  • Perrot Frédéric
  • Rajan Rebin Karaparambil
  • Rebii Abdel
  • Roskovec Bedřich
  • Santos Cayetano
  • Settimo Mariangela
  • Sidorenkov Andrey
  • Tkachev Igor
  • Troni Giancarlo
  • Ushakov Nikita
  • van Royen Guillaume
  • Viaud Benoit
  • Voronin Dmitriy
  • Walker Pablo
  • Wang Chung-Hsiang
  • Wang Zhimin
  • Wu Diru
  • Xu Hangkun
  • Xu Meihang
  • Yang Chengfeng
  • Yang Jie
  • Yermia Frédéric
  • Zhang Xuantong
  Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Elsevier, 2021, 1005, pp.165347. 26,000 3-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) have been produced for Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) by the Hainan Zhanchuang Photonics Technology Co., Ltd (HZC) company in China and passed all acceptance tests with only 15 tubes rejected. The mass production began in 2018 and elapsed for about 2 years at a rate of ∼ 1,000 PMTs per month. The characterization of the PMTs was performed in the factory concurrently with production as a joint effort between HZC and JUNO. Fifteen performance parameters were tracked at different sampling rates, and novel working strategies were implemented to improve quality assurance. This constitutes the largest sample of 3-inch PMTs ever produced and studied in detail to date. (10.1016/j.nima.2021.165347)
  DOI : 10.1016/j.nima.2021.165347
• Performance study of a 3×1×1 m3 dual phase liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber exposed to cosmic rays
  
  • Aimard B.
  • Aizawa L.
  • Alt C.
  • Asaadi J.
  • Auger M.
  • Aushev V.
  • Autiero D.
  • Balaceanu A.
  • Balik G.
  • Balleyguier L.
  • Bechetoille E.
  • Belver D.
  • Blebea-Apostu A.M.
  • Bolognesi S.
  • Bordoni S.
  • Bourgeois N.
  • Bourguille B.
  • Bremer J.
  • Brown G.
  • Brunetti L.
  • Brunetti G.
  • Caiulo D.
  • Calin M.
  • Calvo E.
  • Campanelli M.
  • Cankocak K.
  • Cantini C.
  • Carlus B.
  • Cautisanu B.M.
  • Chalifour M.
  • Chappuis A.
  • Charitonidis N.
  • Chatterjee A.
  • Chiriacescuf A.
  • Chiu P.
  • Coan T.
  • Conforti S.
  • Cotte P.
  • Crivelli P.
  • Cuesta C.
  • Dawson J.
  • de Bonis I.
  • de La Taille C.
  • Delbart A.
  • Di Luise S.
  • Doizon F.
  • Drancourt C.
  • Duchesneau D.
  • Dulucq F.
  • Duval F.
  • Emery S.
  • Ereditato A.
  • Falcone A.
  • Fusshoeller K.
  • Gallego-Ros A.
  • Galymov V.
  • Geffroy N.
  • Gendotti A.
  • Gherghel-Lascu A.
  • Gil-Botella I.
  • Girerd C.
  • Gomoiu M.C.
  • Gorodetzky P.
  • Hamada E.
  • Hanni R.
  • Hasegawa T.
  • Holin A.
  • Horikawa S.
  • Ikeno M.
  • Jiménez S.
  • Jipa A.
  • Karolak M.
  • Karyotakis Y.
  • Kasai S.
  • Kasami K.
  • Kishishita T.
  • Konari H.
  • Kreslo I.
  • Kryn D.
  • Kunzé P.
  • Kurokawa M.
  • Kuromori Y.
  • Lastoria C.
  • Lazanu I.
  • Lehmann-Miotto G.
  • Leyton M.
  • Lira N.
  • Liubarska M.
  • Loo K.
  • Lorca D.
  • Lutz P.
  • Lux T.
  • Maalampi J.
  • Maire G.
  • Maki M.
  • Manenti L.
  • Margineanu R.M.
  • Marteau J.
  • Martin-Chassard G.
  • Mathez H.
  • Mazzucato E.
  • Misitano G.
  • Mladenov D.
  • Bueno L. Molina
  • Mosu T.S.
  • Mu W.
  • Murphy S.
  • Nakayoshi K.
  • Narita S.
  • Navas-Nicolás D.
  • Negishi K.
  • Nessi M.
  • Niculescu-Oglinzanu M.
  • Noto F.
  • Noury A.
  • Onishchuk Y.
  • Palomares C.
  • Parvu M.
  • Patzak T.
  • Penichot Y.
  • Pennacchio E.
  • Periale L.
  • Pessard H.
  • Pietropaolo F.
  • Pugnere D.
  • Radics B.
  • Redondo D.
  • Regenfus C.
  • Remoto A.
  • Resnati F.
  • Ristea O.
  • Rubbia A.
  • Saftoiu A.
  • Sakashita K.
  • Sanchez F.
  • Santos C.
  • Scarpelli A.
  • Schloesser C.
  • Sendai K.
  • Sergiampietri F.
  • Shahsavarani S.
  • Shoji M.
  • Sinclair J.
  • Soto-Oton J.
  • Stanca D.I.
  • Stefan D.
  • Sulej R.
  • Tanaka M.
  • Toboaru V.
  • Tonazzo A.
  • Tromeur W.
  • Trzaska W.H.
  • Uchida T.
  • Urda L.
  • Vannucci F.
  • Vasseur G.
  • Verdugo A.
  • Viant T.
  • Vihonen S.
  • Vilalte S.
  • Weber M.
  • Wu S.
  • Yu J.
  • Zambelli L.
  • Zito M.
  Journal of Instrumentation, IOP Publishing, 2021, 16 (08), pp.P08063. We report the results of the analyses of the cosmic ray data collected with a 4 tonne (3×1×1 m3) active mass (volume) Liquid Argon Time-Projection Chamber (TPC) operated in a dual-phase mode. We present a detailed study of the TPC's response, its main detector parameters and performance. The results are important for the understanding and further developments of the dual-phase technology, thanks to the verification of key aspects, such as the extraction of electrons from liquid to gas and their amplification through the entire one square metre readout plain, gain stability, purity and charge sharing between readout views. (10.1088/1748-0221/16/08/P08063)
  DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/16/08/P08063
• Study of scintillation light collection, production and propagation in a 4 tonne dual-phase LArTPC
  
  • Aimard B.
  • Aizawa L.
  • Alt C.
  • Asaadi J.
  • Auger M.
  • Aushev V.
  • Autiero D.
  • Balaceanu A.
  • Balik G.
  • Balleyguier L.
  • Bechetoille E.
  • Belver D.
  • Blebea-Apostu A.M.
  • Bolognesi S.
  • Bordoni S.
  • Bourgeois N.
  • Bourguille B.
  • Bremer J.
  • Brown G.
  • Brunetti G.
  • Brunetti L.
  • Caiulo D.
  • Calin M.
  • Calvo E.
  • Campanelli M.
  • Cankocak K.
  • Cantini C.
  • Carlus B.
  • Cautisanu B.M.
  • Chalifour M.
  • Chappuis A.
  • Charitonidis N.
  • Chatterjee A.
  • Chiriacescuf A.
  • Chiu P.
  • Conforti S.
  • Cotte P.
  • Crivelli P.
  • Cuesta C.
  • Dawson J.
  • de Bonis I.
  • de La Taille C.
  • Delbart A.
  • Di Luise S.
  • Doizon F.
  • Drancourt C.
  • Duchesneau D.
  • Dulucq F.
  • Duval F.
  • Emery S.
  • Ereditato A.
  • Falcone A.
  • Fusshoeller K.
  • Gallego-Ros A.
  • Galymov V.
  • Geffroy N.
  • Gendotti A.
  • Gherghel-Lascu A.
  • Gil-Botella I.
  • Girerd C.
  • Gomoiu M.C.
  • Gorodetzky P.
  • Hamada E.
  • Hanni R.
  • Hasegawa T.
  • Holin A.
  • Horikawa S.
  • Ikeno M.
  • Jiménez S.
  • Jipa A.
  • Karolak M.
  • Karyotakis Y.
  • Kasai S.
  • Kasami K.
  • Kishishita T.
  • Konari H.
  • Kreslo I.
  • Kryn D.
  • Kunzé P.
  • Kurokawa M.
  • Kuromori Y.
  • Lastoria C.
  • Lazanu I.
  • Lehmann-Miotto G.
  • Leyton M.
  • Lira N.
  • Loo K.
  • Lorca D.
  • Lutz P.
  • Lux T.
  • Maalampi J.
  • Maire G.
  • Maki M.
  • Manenti L.
  • Margineanu R.M.
  • Marteau J.
  • Martin-Chassard G.
  • Mathez H.
  • Mazzucato E.
  • Misitano G.
  • Mladenov D.
  • Molina Bueno L.
  • Mosu T.S.
  • Mu W.
  • Murphy S.
  • Nakayoshi K.
  • Narita S.
  • Navas-Nicolás D.
  • Negishi K.
  • Nessi M.
  • Niculescu-Oglinzanu M.
  • Noto F.
  • Noury A.
  • Onishchuk Y.
  • Palomares C.
  • Parvu M.
  • Patzak T.
  • Penichot Y.
  • Pennacchio E.
  • Periale L.
  • Pessard H.
  • Pietropaolo F.
  • Pugnere D.
  • Radics B.
  • Redondo D.
  • Regenfus C.
  • Remoto A.
  • Resnati F.
  • Ristea O.
  • Rubbia A.
  • Saftoiu A.
  • Sakashita K.
  • Sanchez F.
  • Santos C.
  • Scarpelli A.
  • Schloesser C.
  • Sendai K.
  • Sergiampietri F.
  • Shahsavarani S.
  • Shoji M.
  • Sinclair J.
  • Soto-Oton J.
  • Stanca D.I.
  • Stefan D.
  • Sulej R.
  • Tanaka M.
  • Toboaru V.
  • Tonazzo A.
  • Tromeur W.
  • Trzaska W.H.
  • Uchida T.
  • Urda L.
  • Vannucci F.
  • Vasseur G.
  • Verdugo A.
  • Viant T.
  • Vihonen S.
  • Vilalte S.
  • Weber M.
  • Wu S.
  • Yu J.
  • Zambelli L.
  • Zito M.
  JINST, 2021, 16 (03), pp.P03007. The 3×1×1 m3 demonstrator is a dual phase liquid argon time projection chamber that has recorded cosmic rays events in 2017 at CERN. The light signal in these detectors is crucial to provide precise timing capabilities. The performance of the photon detection system, composed of five PMTs, are discussed. The collected scintillation and electroluminescence light created by passing particles has been studied in various detector conditions. In particular, the scintillation light production and propagation processes have been analyzed and compared to simulations, improving the understanding of some liquid argon properties. (10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03007)
  DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/16/03/P03007
• Mini-EUSO Mission to Study Earth UV Emissions on board the ISS
  
  • Bacholle S.
  • Barrillon P.
  • Battisti M.
  • Belov A.
  • Bertaina M.
  • Bisconti F.
  • Blaksley C.
  • Blin-Bondil S.
  • Cafagna F.
  • Cambiè G.
  • Capel F.
  • Casolino M.
  • Crisconio M.
  • Churilo I.
  • Cotto G.
  • de La Taille C.
  • Djakonow A.
  • Ebisuzaki T.
  • Fenu F.
  • Franceschi A.
  • Fuglesang C.
  • Gorodetzky P.
  • Haungs A.
  • Kajino F.
  • Kasuga H.
  • Khrenov B.
  • Klimov P.
  • Kochepasov S.
  • Kuznetsov V.
  • Marcelli L.
  • L W. Marsza
  • Mignone M.
  • Mascetti G.
  • Miyamoto H.
  • Murashov A.
  • Napolitano T.
  • Olinto A.V.
  • Ohmori H.
  • Osteria G.
  • Panasyuk M.
  • Porfilio M.
  • Poroshin A.
  • Parizot E.
  • Picozza P.
  • Piotrowski L.W.
  • Plebaniak Z.
  • Prévôt G.
  • Przybylak M.
  • Reali E.
  • Ricci M.
  • Sakaki N.
  • Shinozaki K.
  • Szabelski J.
  • Takizawa Y.
  • Turriziani S.
  • Traïche M.
  • Valentini G.
  • Wada S.
  • Wiencke L.
  • Yashin I.
  • Zuccaro-Marchi A.
  The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, American Astronomical Society / IOP Science, 2021, 253 (2), pp.36. Mini-EUSO is a telescope observing the Earth in the ultraviolet band from the International Space Station. It is a part of the JEM-EUSO program, paving the way to future larger missions, such as K-EUSO and POEMMA, devoted primarily to the observation of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays from space. Mini-EUSO is capable of observing extensive air showers generated by ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays with an energy above 1021 eV and to detect artificial showers generated with lasers from the ground. Other main scientific objectives of the mission are the search for nuclearites and strange quark matter, the study of atmospheric phenomena such as transient luminous events, meteors, and meteoroids, the observation of sea bioluminescence and of artificial satellites and man-made space debris. Mini-EUSO will map the nighttime Earth in the UV range (290–430 nm), with a spatial resolution of about 6.3 km and a temporal resolution of 2.5 μs, through a nadir-facing UV-transparent window in the Russian Zvezda module. The instrument, launched on 2019 August 22, from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, is based on an optical system employing two Fresnel lenses and a focal surface composed of 36 multianode photomultiplier tubes, 64 channels each, for a total of 2304 channels with single-photon counting sensitivity and an overall field of view of 44°. Mini-EUSO also contains two ancillary cameras to complement measurements in the near-infrared and visible ranges. In this paper, we describe the detector and present the various phenomena observed in the first months of operations. (10.3847/1538-4365/abd93d)
  DOI : 10.3847/1538-4365/abd93d
• Measurement of the differential cross sections of the $\Sigma^-p$ elastic scattering in momentum range 470 to 850 MeV/c
  
  • Miwa K.
  • Ahn J.K.
  • Akazawa Y.
  • Aramaki T.
  • Ashikaga S.
  • Callier S.
  • Chiga N.
  • Choi S.W.
  • Ekawa H.
  • Evtoukhovitch P.
  • Fujioka N.
  • Fujita M.
  • Gogami T.
  • Harada T.
  • Hasegawa S.
  • Hayakawa S.H.
  • Honda R.
  • Hoshino S.
  • Hosomi K.
  • Ichikawa M.
  • Ichikawa Y.
  • Ieiri M.
  • Ikeda M.
  • Imai K.
  • Ishikawa Y.
  • Ishimoto S.
  • Jung W.S.
  • Kajikawa S.
  • Kanauchi H.
  • Kanda H.
  • Kitaoka T.
  • Kang B.M.
  • Kawai H.
  • Kim S.H.
  • Kobayashi K.
  • Koike T.
  • Matsuda K.
  • Matsumoto Y.
  • Nagao S.
  • Nagatomi R.
  • Nakada Y.
  • Nakagawa M.
  • Nakamura I.
  • Nanamura T.
  • Naruki M.
  • Ozawa S.
  • Raux L.
  • Rogers T.G.
  • Sakaguchi A.
  • Sakao T.
  • Sako H.
  • Sato S.
  • Shiozaki T.
  • Shirotori K.
  • Suzuki K.N.
  • Suzuki S.
  • Tabata M.
  • de La Taille C.
  • Takahashi H.
  • Takahashi T.N.
  • Tamura H.
  • Tanaka M.
  • Tanida K.
  • Tsamalaidze Z.
  • Ukai M.
  • Umetsu H.
  • Wada S.
  • Yamamoto T.O.
  • Yoshida J.
  • Yoshimura K.
  Physical Review C, American Physical Society, 2021, 104 (4), pp.045204. A high statistics <math><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> scattering experiment is performed at the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility. Momentum-tagged <math><mrow><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow></math> running in a liquid hydrogen target are accumulated by detecting the <math><mrow><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mi>p</mi><mo>→</mo><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math> reaction with a high intensity <math><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> beam of 20 M/spill. The differential cross sections of the <math><mrow><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> elastic scattering were derived with a drastically improved accuracy by identifying approximately 4500 events from <math><mrow><mn>1.72</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>7</mn></msup><mspace width="4pt"/><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math>. The derived differential cross section shows a clear forward-peaking angular distribution for a <math><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> momentum range from 470 to 850 <math><mrow><mi>MeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></math>. The accurate data will impose a strong constraint on the theoretical models of the baryon-baryon interactions. (10.1103/PhysRevC.104.045204)
  DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevC.104.045204
• The DAQ system of the 12,000 channel CMS high granularity calorimeter prototype
  
  • Acar B.
  • Adamov G.
  • Adloff C.
  • Afanasiev S.
  • Akchurin N.
  • Akgün B.
  • Alhusseini M.
  • Alison J.
  • Altopp G.
  • Alyari M.
  • An S.
  • Anagul S.
  • Andreev I.
  • Andrews M.
  • Aspell P.
  • Atakisi I.A.
  • Bach O.
  • Baden A.
  • Bakas G.
  • Bakshi A.
  • Banerjee S.
  • Bargassa P.
  • Barney D.
  • Becheva E.
  • Behera P.
  • Belloni A.
  • Bergauer T.
  • Besancon M.
  • Bhattacharya S.
  • Bhowmik D.
  • Bloch P.
  • Bodek A.
  • Bombardi G.
  • Bonanomi M.
  • Bonnemaison A.
  • Bonomally S.
  • Borg J.
  • Bouyjou F.
  • Braga D.
  • Brashear J.
  • Brondolin E.
  • Bryant P.
  • Bueghly J.
  • Bilki B.
  • Burkle B.
  • Butler-Nalin A.
  • Callier S.
  • Calvet D.
  • Cao X.
  • Caraway B.
  • Caregari S.
  • Ceard L.
  • Cekmecelioglu Y.C.
  • Cerci S.
  • Cerminara G.
  • Charitonidis N.
  • Chatterjee R.
  • Chen Y.M.
  • Chen Z.
  • Cheng K.Y.
  • Chernichenko S.
  • Cheung H.
  • Chien C.H.
  • Choudhury S.
  • Čoko D.
  • Collura G.
  • Couderc F.
  • Cristella L.
  • Dumanoglu I.
  • Dannheim D.
  • Dauncey P.
  • David A.
  • Davies G.
  • Day E.
  • Debarbaro P.
  • de Guio F.
  • de La Taille C.
  • de Silva M.
  • Debbins P.
  • Delagnes E.
  • Deltoro J.M.
  • Derylo G.
  • Dias de Almeida P.G.
  • Diaz D.
  • Dinaucourt P.
  • Dittmann J.
  • Dragicevic M.
  • Dugad S.
  • Dutta V.
  • Dutta S.
  • Eckdahl J.
  • Edberg T.K.
  • El Berni M.
  • Eno S.C.
  • Ershov Yu.
  • Everaerts P.
  • Extier S.
  • Fahim F.
  • Fallon C.
  • Fiorendi S.
  • Alves B.A. Fontana Santos
  • Frahm E.
  • Franzoni G.
  • Freeman J.
  • French T.
  • Guler Y.
  • Gurpinar Guler E.
  • Gagnan M.
  • Gandhi P.
  • Ganjour S.
  • Garcia-Bellido A.
  • Gecse Z.
  • Geerebaert Y.
  • Gerwig H.
  • Gevin O.
  • Gilbert A.
  • Gilbert W.
  • Gill K.
  • Gingu C.
  • Gninenko S.
  • Golunov A.
  • Golutvin I.
  • Gonzalez T.
  • Gorbounov N.
  • Gouskos L.
  • Gu Y.
  • Guilloux F.
  • Gülmez E.
  • Hamamci E.
  • Hammer M.
  • Harilal A.
  • Hatakeyama K.
  • Heering A.
  • Hegde V.
  • Heintz U.
  • Hinger V.
  • Hinton N.
  • Hirschauer J.
  • Hoff J.
  • Hou W.S.
  • Isik C.
  • Incandela J.
  • Irshad A.
  • Jain S.
  • Jheng H.R.
  • Joshi U.
  • Kara O.
  • Kachanov V.
  • Kalinin A.
  • Kameshwar R.
  • Kaminskiy A.
  • Kanso H.
  • Karneyeu A.
  • Kaya O.
  • Kaya M.
  • Khukhunaishvili A.
  • Kieseler J.
  • Kim S.
  • Koetz K.
  • Kolberg T.
  • Kristić A.
  • Krohn M.
  • Krüger K.
  • Kulagin N.
  • Kulis S.
  • Kunori S.
  • Kuo C.M.
  • Kuryatkov V.
  • Kyre S.
  • Köseyan O.K.
  • Lai Y.
  • Lamichhane K.
  • Landsberg G.
  • Lange C.
  • Langford J.
  • Lee M.Y.
  • Leogrande E.
  • Levin A.
  • Li J.H.
  • Li A.
  • Li B.
  • Liao H.
  • Lincoln D.
  • Linssen L.
  • Lipton R.
  • Liu Y.
  • Lobanov A.
  • Long K.
  • Lu R.S.
  • Lysova I.
  • Magnan A.M.
  • Magniette F.
  • Maier A.A.
  • Malakhov A.
  • Mandjavize I.
  • Mannelli M.
  • Mans J.
  • Marchioro A.
  • Martelli A.
  • Masterson P.
  • Meng B.
  • Mengke T.
  • Meschi E.
  • Mestvirishvili A.
  • Mirza I.
  • Moccia S.
  • Morrissey I.
  • Mudholkar T.
  • Musić J.
  • Musienko Y.
  • Nabili S.
  • Nagar A.
  • Nikitenko A.
  • Noonan D.
  • Noy M.
  • Nurdan K.
  • Ochando C.
  • Odegard B.
  • Odell N.
  • Onel Y.
  • Ortez W.
  • Ozegović J.
  • Ozkorucuklu S.
  • Pacheco-Rodriguez L.
  • Paganis E.
  • Pagenkopf D.
  • Palladino V.
  • Pandey S.
  • Pantaleo F.
  • Papageorgakis C.
  • Papakrivopoulos I.
  • Parshook J.
  • Pastika N.
  • Paulini M.
  • Paulitsch P.
  • Peltola T.
  • Pereira Gomes R.
  • Perkins H.
  • Petiot P.
  • Pierini M.
  • Pitters F.
  • Prosper H.
  • Prvan M.
  • Puljak I.
  • Qasim S.R.
  • Qu H.
  • Quast T.
  • Quinn R.
  • Quinnan M.
  • Rapacz K.
  • Raux L.
  • Reichenbach G.
  • Reinecke M.
  • Revering M.
  • Rieger M.
  • Rodriguez A.
  • Romanteau T.
  • Rose A.
  • Rovere M.
  • Roy A.
  • Rubinov P.
  • Rusack R.
  • Simsek A.E.
  • Sozbilir U.
  • Sahin O.M.
  • Sanchez A.
  • Saradhy R.
  • Sarkar T.
  • Sarkisla M.A.
  • Sauvan J.B.
  • Schmidt I.
  • Schmitt M.
  • Scott E.
  • Seez C.
  • Sefkow F.
  • Selvaggi M.
  • Sharma S.
  • Shein I.
  • Shenai A.
  • Shukla R.
  • Sicking E.
  • Sieberer P.
  • Sirois Y.
  • Smirnov V.
  • Spencer E.
  • Steen A.
  • Strait J.
  • Strebler T.
  • Strobbe N.
  • Su J.W.
  • Sukhov E.
  • Sun M.
  • Sun L.
  • Sunar Cerci D.
  • Surkov A.
  • Syal C.
  • Tali B.
  • Tok U.G.
  • Kayis Topaksu A.
  • Tan C.L.
  • Tastan I.
  • Tatli T.
  • Thaus R.
  • Tekten S.
  • Thienpont D.
  • Pierre-Emile T.
  • Tiras E.
  • Titov M.
  • Tlisov D.
  • Troska J.
  • Tsamalaidze Z.
  • Tsipolitis G.
  • Tsirou A.
  • Tyurin N.
  • Undleeb S.
  • Urbanski D.
  • Ustinov V.
  • Uzunian A.
  • van Onsem G.P.
  • van de Klundert M.
  • Varela J.
  • Velasco M.
  • Vergine T.
  • Vicente Barreto Pinto M.
  • da Silva P.M.
  • Virdee T.
  • Vizinho de Oliveira R.
  • Voelker J.
  • Voirin E.
  • Wang Z.
  • Wang X.
  • Wang F.
  • Wayne M.
  • Webb S.N.
  • Weinberg M.
  • Whitbeck A.
  • White D.
  • Wickwire R.
  • Wilson J.S.
  • Winter D.
  • Wu H.Y.
  • Wu L.
  • Yeh C.H.
  • Yohay R.
  • Yu D.
  • Yu S.S.
  • Yu G.B.
  • Yumiceva F.
  • Zacharopoulou A.
  • Zamiatin N.
  • Zarubin A.
  • Zenz S.
  • Zhang J.
  • Zhang H.
  JINST, 2021, 16 (04), pp.T04001. The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC will be upgraded to accommodate the 5-fold increase in the instantaneous luminosity expected at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) [1]. Concomitant with this increase will be an increase in the number of interactions in each bunch crossing and a significant increase in the total ionising dose and fluence. One part of this upgrade is the replacement of the current endcap calorimeters with a high granularity sampling calorimeter equipped with silicon sensors, designed to manage the high collision rates [2]. As part of the development of this calorimeter, a series of beam tests have been conducted with different sampling configurations using prototype segmented silicon detectors. In the most recent of these tests, conducted in late 2018 at the CERN SPS, the performance of a prototype calorimeter equipped with ≈12,000 channels of silicon sensors was studied with beams of high-energy electrons, pions and muons. This paper describes the custom-built scalable data acquisition system that was built with readily available FPGA mezzanines and low-cost Raspberry Pi computers. (10.1088/1748-0221/16/04/T04001)
  DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/16/04/T04001
• Radiation effects in a SPACIROC2 ASIC and long-term reliability
  
  • Placinta V.M.
  • Cojocariu L.N.
  • de La Taille C.
  • Blin-Bondil S.
  • Mattiazzo S.
  • Silvestrin L.
  • Candelori A.
  • Maciuc F.
  Journal of Instrumentation, IOP Publishing, 2021, 16 (07), pp.P07028. The study presented in this paper outlines the measurements done to evaluate the performance of the second version of the SPACIROC ASIC in ionizing radiation environments using different types of particle beams: ions, protons and X-rays. From ion beam tests, the threshold linear energy transfer (LET) for SEU production was restricted between (4.4 ± 0.4) MeV·cm2/mg and (8.6 ± 0.8) MeV·cm2/mg. The corresponding cross-section value for the latter is (1.6-1.4 +4.18)· 10-6 cm2/device — with asymmetric errors corresponding to 95% confidence level (CL) — and (0.5-0.34 +0.6)· 10-5 cm2/device (CL 95%) for a LET of 11.2 ± 1.1 MeV·cm2/mg. A cross-section for high energy hadrons (HEH) above 20 MeV till about 1 GeV was measured and we place the actual value in 0.32 · 10-12 cm2/device–6 · 10-12 cm2/device interval with a high CL of about 95%. A room-temperature annealing process was observed and precisely measured over time, which efficiently mitigates within few days all residual TID effects that were induced at a very high dose rate of order of 100s rad/s. The obtained results are extrapolated to a few accelerator and space-based applications and we predict no major operational impediments within the lifetime of these experiments. (10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/P07028)
  DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/P07028
• Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 1 calibration: from the laboratory to the desert
  
  • Adams J.H.
  • Allen L.
  • Bachman R.
  • Bacholle S.
  • Barrillon P.
  • Bayer J.
  • Bertaina M.
  • Blaksley C.
  • Blin-Bondil S.
  • Cafagna F.
  • Campana D.
  • Casolino M.
  • Christl M.J.
  • Cummings A.
  • Dagoret-Campagne S.
  • Damian A.Diaz
  • Ebersoldt A.
  • Ebisuzaki T.
  • Escobar J.
  • Eser J.
  • Evrard J.
  • Fenu F.
  • Finch W.
  • Fornaro C.
  • Gorodetzky P.
  • Gregg R.
  • Guarino F.
  • Haungs A.
  • Hedber W.
  • Hunt P.
  • Jung A.
  • Kawasaki Y.
  • Kleifges M.
  • Kuznetsov E.
  • Mackovjak S.
  • Marcelli L.
  • Marszał W.
  • Medina-Tanco G.
  • Meyer S.S.
  • Miyamoto H.
  • Mastafa M.
  • Olinto A.V.
  • Osteria G.
  • Painter W.
  • Panico B.
  • Parizot E.
  • Paul T.
  • Perfetto F.
  • Picozza P.
  • Piotrowski L.W.
  • Plebaniak Z.
  • Polonski Z.
  • Prévôt G.
  • Przybylak M.
  • Rezazadeh M.
  • Ricci M.
  • Sanchez Balanzar J.C.
  • Santangelo A.
  • Sarazin F.
  • Scotti V.
  • Shinozaki K.
  • Szabelski J.
  • Takizawa Y.
  • Wiencke L.
  • Young R.
  • von Ballmoos P.
  Experimental Astronomy, Springer Link, 2021, 52 (1-2), pp.125-140. The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 1 (EUSO-SPB1) instrument was launched out of Wanaka, New Zealand, by NASA in April, 2017 as a mission of opportunity. The detector was developed as part of the Joint Experimental Missions for the Extreme Universe Space Observatory (JEM-EUSO) program toward a space-based ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) telescope with the main objective to make the first observation of UHECRs via the fluorescence technique from suborbital space. The EUSO-SPB1 instrument is a refractive telescope consisting of two 1m$^{2}$ Fresnel lenses with a high-speed UV camera at the focal plane. The camera has 2304 individual pixels capable of single photoelectron counting with a time resolution of 2.5μ s. A detailed performance study including calibration was done on ground. We separately evaluated the properties of the Photo Detector Module (PDM) and the optical system in the laboratory. An end-to-end test of the instrument was performed during a field campaign in the West Desert in Utah, USA at the Telescope Array (TA) site in September 2016. The campaign lasted for 8 nights. In this article we present the results of the preflight laboratory and field tests. Based on the tests performed in the field, it was determined that EUSO-SPB1 has a field of view of 11.1$^{∘}$ and an absolute photo-detection efficiency of 10%. We also measured the light flux necessary to obtain a 50% trigger efficiency using laser beams. These measurements were crucial for us to perform an accurate post flight event rate calculation to validate our cosmic ray search. Laser beams were also used to estimated the reconstruction angular resolution. Finally, we performed a flat field measurement in flight configuration at the launch site prior to the launch providing a uniformity of the focal surface better than 6%. (10.1007/s10686-020-09689-2)
  DOI : 10.1007/s10686-020-09689-2
• CATIROC: an integrated chip for neutrino experiments using photomultiplier tubes
  
  • Conforti Selma
  • Settimo Mariangela
  • Santos Cayetano
  • Bordereau Clément
  • Cabrera Anatael
  • Callier Stéphane
  • Cerna Cédric
  • de La Taille Christophe
  • Druillole Frédéric
  • Dulucq Frédéric
  • Lebrin Victor
  • Lefèvre Frédéric
  • Martin-Chassard Gisèle
  • Perrot Frédéric
  • Rebii Abdel
  • Rigalleau Louis-Marie
  • Seguin-Moreau Nathalie
  Journal of Instrumentation, IOP Publishing, 2021, 16 (05), pp.P05010. An ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Chip) named CATIROC (Charge And Time Integrated Read Out Chip) has been developed for the next-generation neutrino experiments using a large number of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). Each CATIROC provides the time and the charge measurements for 16 configurable input channels operating in auto-trigger mode. Originally designed for the light emission in water Cherenkov detectors, we show in this paper that its use can be extended to liquid-scintillator based experiments. The ∼ 26000 3-inch PMTs of the JUNO experiment, under construction in China, is a case in point. This paper describes the features of CATIROC with a special attention to the most critical points for its application to the time profile of the light emission in liquid scintillators. The achieved performances in both charge and time measurements can be inputs for future high-precision experiments making use of PMTs or other photo-sensitive detectors. (10.1088/1748-0221/16/05/P05010)
  DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/16/05/P05010
• Construction and commissioning of CMS CE prototype silicon modules
  
  • Acar B.
  • Adamov G.
  • Adloff C.
  • Afanasiev S.
  • Akchurin N.
  • Akgün B.
  • Alhusseini M.
  • Alison J.
  • Altopp G.
  • Alyari M.
  • An S.
  • Anagul S.
  • Andreev I.
  • Andrews M.
  • Aspell P.
  • Atakisi I.A.
  • Bach O.
  • Baden A.
  • Bakas G.
  • Bakshi A.
  • Bargassa P.
  • Barney D.
  • Becheva E.
  • Behera P.
  • Belloni A.
  • Bergauer T.
  • Besancon M.
  • Bhattacharya S.
  • Bhowmik D.
  • Bloch P.
  • Bodek A.
  • Bonanomi M.
  • Bonnemaison A.
  • Bonomally S.
  • Borg J.
  • Bouyjou F.
  • Braga D.
  • Brashear J.
  • Brondolin E.
  • Bryant P.
  • Bueghly J.
  • Bilki B.
  • Burkle B.
  • Butler-Nalin A.
  • Callier S.
  • Calvet D.
  • Cao X.
  • Caraway B.
  • Caregari S.
  • Ceard L.
  • Cekmecelioglu Y.C.
  • Cerminara G.
  • Charitonidis N.
  • Chatterjee R.
  • Chen Y.M.
  • Chen Z.
  • Cheng K.Y.
  • Chernichenko S.
  • Cheung H.
  • Chien C.H.
  • Choudhury S.
  • Čoko D.
  • Collura G.
  • Couderc F.
  • Dumanoglu I.
  • Dannheim D.
  • Dauncey P.
  • David A.
  • Davies G.
  • Day E.
  • Debarbaro P.
  • de Guio F.
  • de La Taille C.
  • de Silva M.
  • Debbins P.
  • Delagnes E.
  • Deltoro J.M.
  • Derylo G.
  • Dias de Almeida P.G.
  • Diaz D.
  • Dinaucourt P.
  • Dittmann J.
  • Dragicevic M.
  • Dugad S.
  • Dutta V.
  • Dutta S.
  • Eckdahl J.
  • Edberg T.K.
  • El Berni M.
  • Eno S.C.
  • Ershov Yu.
  • Everaerts P.
  • Extier S.
  • Fahim F.
  • Fallon C.
  • Alves B.A. Fontana Santos
  • Frahm E.
  • Franzoni G.
  • Freeman J.
  • French T.
  • Gurpinar Guler E.
  • Guler Y.
  • Gagnan M.
  • Gandhi P.
  • Ganjour S.
  • Garcia-Bellido A.
  • Gecse Z.
  • Geerebaert Y.
  • Gerwig H.
  • Gevin O.
  • Gilbert W.
  • Gilbert A.
  • Gill K.
  • Gingu C.
  • Gninenko S.
  • Golunov A.
  • Golutvin I.
  • Gonzalez T.
  • Gorbounov N.
  • Gouskos L.
  • Gu Y.
  • Guilloux F.
  • Gülmez E.
  • Hammer M.
  • Harilal A.
  • Hatakeyama K.
  • Heering A.
  • Hegde V.
  • Heintz U.
  • Hinger V.
  • Hinton N.
  • Hirschauer J.
  • Hoff J.
  • Hou W.S.
  • Isik C.
  • Incandela J.
  • Jain S.
  • Jheng H.R.
  • Joshi U.
  • Kara O.
  • Kachanov V.
  • Kalinin A.
  • Kameshwar R.
  • Kaminskiy A.
  • Karneyeu A.
  • Kaya O.
  • Kaya M.
  • Khukhunaishvili A.
  • Kim S.
  • Koetz K.
  • Kolberg T.
  • Kristić A.
  • Krohn M.
  • Krüger K.
  • Kulagin N.
  • Kulis S.
  • Kunori S.
  • Kuo C.M.
  • Kuryatkov V.
  • Kyre S.
  • Köseyan O.K.
  • Lai Y.
  • Lamichhane K.
  • Landsberg G.
  • Langford J.
  • Lee M.Y.
  • Levin A.
  • Li A.
  • Li B.
  • Li J.-H.
  • Liao H.
  • Lincoln D.
  • Linssen L.
  • Lipton R.
  • Liu Y.
  • Lobanov A.
  • Lu R.S.
  • Lysova I.
  • Magnan A.M.
  • Magniette F.
  • Maier A.A.
  • Malakhov A.
  • Mandjavize I.
  • Mannelli M.
  • Mans J.
  • Marchioro A.
  • Martelli A.
  • Masterson P.
  • Meng B.
  • Mengke T.
  • Mestvirishvili A.
  • Mirza I.
  • Moccia S.
  • Morrissey I.
  • Mudholkar T.
  • Musić J.
  • Musienko I.
  • Nabili S.
  • Nagar A.
  • Nikitenko A.
  • Noonan D.
  • Noy M.
  • Nurdan K.
  • Ochando C.
  • Odegard B.
  • Odell N.
  • Onel Y.
  • Ortez W.
  • Ozegović J.
  • Pacheco Rodriguez L.
  • Paganis E.
  • Pagenkopf D.
  • Palladino V.
  • Pandey S.
  • Pantaleo F.
  • Papageorgakis C.
  • Papakrivopoulos I.
  • Parshook J.
  • Pastika N.
  • Paulini M.
  • Paulitsch P.
  • Peltola T.
  • Pereira Gomes R.
  • Perkins H.
  • Petiot P.
  • Pitters F.
  • Prosper H.
  • Prvan M.
  • Puljak I.
  • Quast T.
  • Quinn R.
  • Quinnan M.
  • Rapacz K.
  • Raux L.
  • Reichenbach G.
  • Reinecke M.
  • Revering M.
  • Rodriguez A.
  • Romanteau T.
  • Rose A.
  • Rovere M.
  • Roy A.
  • Rubinov P.
  • Rusack R.
  • Simsek A.E.
  • Sozbilir U.
  • Sahin O.M.
  • Sanchez A.
  • Saradhy R.
  • Sarkar T.
  • Sarkisla M.A.
  • Sauvan J.B.
  • Schmidt I.
  • Schmitt M.
  • Scott E.
  • Seez C.
  • Sefkow F.
  • Sharma S.
  • Shein I.
  • Shenai A.
  • Shukla R.
  • Sicking E.
  • Sieberer P.
  • Sirois Y.
  • Smirnov V.
  • Spencer E.
  • Steen A.
  • Strait J.
  • Strebler T.
  • Strobbe N.
  • Su J.W.
  • Sukhov E.
  • Sun L.
  • Sun M.
  • Syal C.
  • Tali B.
  • Tok U.G.
  • Kayis Topaksu A.
  • Tan C.L.
  • Tastan I.
  • Tatli T.
  • Thaus R.
  • Tekten S.
  • Thienpont D.
  • Pierre-Emile T.
  • Tiras E.
  • Titov M.
  • Tlisov D.
  • Troska J.
  • Tsamalaidze Z.
  • Tsipolitis G.
  • Tsirou A.
  • Tyurin N.
  • Undleeb S.
  • Urbanski D.
  • Ustinov V.
  • Uzunian A.
  • van de Klundert M.
  • Varela J.
  • Velasco M.
  • Vicente Barreto Pinto M.
  • da Silva P.M.
  • Virdee T.
  • Vizinho de Oliveira R.
  • Voelker J.
  • Voirin E.
  • Wang Z.
  • Wang X.
  • Wang F.
  • Wayne M.
  • Webb S.N.
  • Weinberg M.
  • Whitbeck A.
  • White D.
  • Wickwire R.
  • Wilson J.S.
  • Wu H.Y.
  • Wu L.
  • Yeh C.H.
  • Yohay R.
  • Yu G.B.
  • Yu S.S.
  • Yu D.
  • Yumiceva F.
  • Zacharopoulou A.
  • Zamiatin N.
  • Zarubin A.
  • Zenz S.
  • Zhang H.
  • Zhang J.
  JINST, 2021, 16 (04), pp.T04002. As part of its HL-LHC upgrade program, the CMS collaboration is developing a High Granularity Calorimeter (CE) to replace the existing endcap calorimeters. The CE is a sampling calorimeter with unprecedented transverse and longitudinal readout for both electromagnetic (CE-E) and hadronic (CE-H) compartments. The calorimeter will be built with ∼30,000 hexagonal silicon modules. Prototype modules have been constructed with 6-inch hexagonal silicon sensors with cell areas of 1.1 cm2, and the SKIROC2-CMS readout ASIC. Beam tests of different sampling configurations were conducted with the prototype modules at DESY and CERN in 2017 and 2018. This paper describes the construction and commissioning of the CE calorimeter prototype, the silicon modules used in the construction, their basic performance, and the methods used for their calibration. (10.1088/1748-0221/16/04/T04002)
  DOI : 10.1088/1748-0221/16/04/T04002