Publications

2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019

Sont listées ci-dessous, par année, les publications figurant dans l'archive ouverte HAL.

2022

Numerical investigation of spallation neutrons generated from petawatt-scale laserdriven proton beams
- Martinez B
- Chen S N
- Bolaños S
- Blanchot N
- Boutoux G
- Cayzac W
- Courtois C
- Davoine X
- Duval A
- Horny V
- Lantuejoul I
- Le Deroff L
- Masson-Laborde P E
- Sary G
- Vauzour B
- Smets Roch
- Gremillet L
- Fuchs J
Matter and Radiation at Extremes, AIP Publishing, 2022, 7, pp.024401. Laser-driven neutron sources could offer a promising alternative to those based on conventional accelerator technologies in delivering compact beams of high brightness and short duration. We examine this through particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo simulations, that model, respectively, the laser acceleration of protons from thin-foil targets and their subsequent conversion into neutrons in secondary lead targets. Laser parameters relevant to the 0.5 petawatt (PW) LMJ-PETAL and 0.6-6 PW Apollon systems are considered. Due to its high intensity, the 20-fs-duration 0.6 PW Apollon laser is expected to accelerate protons up to above 100 MeV, thereby unlocking efficient neutron generation via spallation reactions. As a result, despite a 30-fold lower pulse energy than the LMJ-PETAL laser, the 0.6 PW Apollon laser should perform comparably well both in terms of neutron yield and flux. Notably, we predict that very compact neutron sources, of ~ 10 ps duration and ~ 100 µm spot size, can be released provided the lead convertor target is thin enough (~ 100 µm). These sources are characterized by extreme fluxes, of the order of 10$^{23}$ n cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ , and even ten times higher when using the 6 PW Apollon laser. Such values surpass those currently achievable at large-scale accelerator-based neutron sources (~ 10$^{16}$ n cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$), or reported from previous laser experiments using low-Z converters (~ 10$^{18}$ n cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$). By showing that such laser systems can produce neutron pulses significantly brighter than existing sources, our findings open a path towards attractive novel applications, such as flash neutron radiography or laboratory studies of heavy-ion nucleosynthesis. (10.1063/5.0060582)
DOI : 10.1063/5.0060582
Recovery of release cloud from laser shock-loaded graphite and hydrocarbon targets: in search of diamonds
- Schuster A K
- Voigt K
- Klemmed B
- Hartley N J
- Lütgert J
- Zhang M
- Bähtz C
- Benad A
- Brabetz C
- Cowan T
- Döppner T
- Erb D J
- Eychmüller A
- Facsko S
- Falcone R W
- Fletcher L B
- Frydrych S
- Ganzenmüller G C
- Gericke D O
- Glenzer S H
- Grenzer J
- Helbig U
- Hiermaier S
- Hübner R
- Laso Garcia A
- Lee H J
- Macdonald M J
- Mcbride E E
- Neumayer P
- Pak A
- Pelka A
- Prencipe I
- Prosvetov A
- Rack A
- Ravasio Alessandra
- Redmer R
- Reemts D
- Rödel M
- Schoelmerich M
- Schumacher D
- Tomut M
- Turner S J
- Saunders A M
- Sun P
- Vorberger J
- Zettl A
- Kraus D
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, IOP Publishing, 2022, 56 (2), pp.025301. This work presents first insights into the dynamics of free-surface release clouds from dynamically compressed polystyrene and pyrolytic graphite at pressures up to 200 GPa, where they transform into diamond or lonsdaleite, respectively. These ejecta clouds are released into either vacuum or various types of catcher systems, and are monitored with high-speed recordings (frame rates up to 10 MHz). Molecular dynamics simulations are used to give insights to the rate of diamond preservation throughout the free expansion and the catcher impact process, highlighting the challenges of diamond retrieval. Raman spectroscopy data show graphitic signatures on a catcher plate confirming that the shock-compressed PS is transformed. First electron microscopy analyses of solid catcher plates yield an outstanding number of different spherical-like objects in the size range between ten(s) up to hundreds of nanometres, which are one type of two potential diamond candidates identified. The origin of some objects can unambiguously be assigned, while the history of others remains speculative. (10.1088/1361-6463/ac99e8)
DOI : 10.1088/1361-6463/ac99e8
High-flux neutron generation by laser-accelerated ions from single-and double-layer targets
- Horný Vojtěch
- Chen Sophia
- Davoine Xavier
- Lelasseux Vincent
- Gremillet Laurent
- Fuchs Julien
Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2022, 12 (1), pp.19767. Contemporary ultraintense, short-pulse laser systems provide extremely compact setups for the production of high-flux neutron beams, such as those required for nondestructive probing of dense matter, research on neutron-induced damage in fusion devices or laboratory astrophysics studies. Here, by coupling particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo numerical simulations, we examine possible strategies to optimise neutron sources from ion-induced nuclear reactions using 1-PW, 20-fs-class laser systems. To improve the ion acceleration, the laser-irradiated targets are chosen to be ultrathin solid foils, either standing alone or preceded by a plasma layer of near-critical density to enhance the laser focusing. We compare the performance of these single-and double-layer targets, and determine their optimum parameters in terms of energy and angular spectra of the accelerated ions. These are then sent into a converter to generate neutrons via nuclear reactions on beryllium and lead nuclei. Overall, we identify configurations that result in neutron yields as high as ∼ 10$^{10}$ n sr$^{−1}$ in ∼ 1-cm-thick converters or instantaneous neutron fluxes above 10$^{23}$ n cm$^{−2}$ s$^{−1}$ at the backside of ≲ 100-µm-thick converters. Considering a realistic repetition rate of one laser shot per minute, the corresponding time-averaged neutron yields are predicted to reach values (≳ 10$^7$ n sr$^{−1}$ s$^{−1}$) well above the current experimental record, and this even with a mere thin foil as a primary target. A further increase in the time-averaged yield up to above 10$^8$ sr$^{−1}$ s$^{−1}$ is foreseen using double-layer targets. (10.1038/s41598-022-24155-z)
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-022-24155-z
Development of a portable hypoxia chamber for ultra-high dose rate laser-driven proton radiobiology applications
- Chaudhary Pankaj
- Gwynne Deborah C
- Odlozilik Boris
- Mcmurray Aaron
- Milluzzo Giuliana
- Maiorino Carla
- Doria Domenico
- Ahmed Hamad
- Romagnani Lorenzo
- Alejo Aaron
- Padda Hersimerjit
- Green James
- Carroll David
- Booth Nicola
- Mckenna Paul
- Kar Satyabrata
- Petringa Giada
- Catalano Roberto
- Cammarata Francesco P
- Cirrone Giuseppe a P
- Mcmahon Stephen J
- Prise Kevin M
- Borghesi Marco
Radiation Oncology, BioMed Central, 2022, 17, pp.77. Background: There is currently signifcant interest in assessing the role of oxygen in the radiobiological efects at ultra-high dose rates. Oxygen modulation is postulated to play a role in the enhanced sparing efect observed in FLASH radiotherapy, where particles are delivered at 40–1000 Gy/s. Furthermore, the development of laser-driven accelerators now enables radiobiology experiments in extreme regimes where dose rates can exceed 109 Gy/s, and predicted oxygen depletion efects on cellular response can be tested. Access to appropriate experimental enviroments, allowing measurements under controlled oxygenation conditions, is a key requirement for these studies. We report on the development and application of a bespoke portable hypoxia chamber specifcally designed for experiments employing laser-driven sources, but also suitable for comparator studies under FLASH and conventional irradiation conditions. Materials and methods: We used oxygen concentration measurements to test the induction of hypoxia and the maintenance capacity of the chambers. Cellular hypoxia induction was verifed using hypoxia inducible factor-1α immunostaining. Calibrated radiochromic flms and GEANT-4 simulations verifed the dosimetry variations inside and outside the chambers. We irradiated hypoxic human skin fbroblasts (AG01522B) cells with laser-driven protons, conventional protons and reference 225 kVp X-rays to quantify DNA DSB damage and repair under hypoxia. We further measured the oxygen enhancement ratio for cell survival after X-ray exposure in normal fbroblast and radioresistant patient- derived GBM stem cells. Results: Oxygen measurements showed that our chambers maintained a radiobiological hypoxic environment for at least 45 min and pathological hypoxia for up to 24 h after disconnecting the chambers from the gas supply. We observed a signifcant reduction in the 53BP1 foci induced by laser-driven protons, conventional protons and X-rays in the hypoxic cells compared to normoxic cells at 30 min post-irradiation. Under hypoxic irradiations, the Laser-driven (10.1186/s13014-022-02024-3)
DOI : 10.1186/s13014-022-02024-3
Laser shock experiments on metallic glasses: From the Newton's pendulum to spallation process
- Raffray Yoann
- Sangleboeuf Jean-Christophe
- Benuzzi-Mounaix Alessandra
- Loison Didier
, 2022.
Stimulated-Raman-scattering amplification of attosecond XUV pulses with pulse-train pumps and application to local in-depth plasma-density measurement
- Sundström Andréas
- Grech Mickael
- Pusztai István
- Riconda Caterina
Physical Review E, American Physical Society (APS), 2022, 106 (4), pp.045208. We present a scheme for amplifying an extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) seed isolated attosecond pulse via stimulated Raman scattering of a pulse-train pump. At sufficient seed and pump intensity, the amplification is nonlinear, and the amplitude of the seed pulse can reach that of the pump, one order of magnitude higher than the initial seed amplitude. In the linear amplification regime, we find that the spectral signature of the pump pulse train is imprinted on the spectrum of the amplified seed pulse. Since the spectral signature is imprinted with its frequency downshifted by the plasma frequency, it is possible to deduce the electron density in the region of interaction. This region can be of micrometer length scale longitudinally. By varying the delay between the seed and the pump, this scheme provides a local electron-density measurement inside solid-density plasmas that cannot be probed with optical frequencies, with micrometer resolution. (10.1103/PhysRevE.106.045208)
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevE.106.045208
Courbes d'Hugoniot de verres métalliques ZrCuAl sous choc laser et évolution de la limite à rupture avec la vitesse de déformation
- Raffray Yoann
- Sangleboeuf Jean-Christophe
- Benuzzi-Mounaix Alessandra
- Loison Didier
, 2022.
Détection de flux neutronique intense en vue d'applications d'astrophysique nucléaire
- Lelasseux Vincent
, 2022. With the advent of multi-PW lasers, it becomes possible to create particle beams with intensity never reached before. Indeed, at such high laser intensity, laser-matter interaction allows to produce proton beams with energy as high as several tens of MeV, maybe hundreds of MeV in the next years. Such proton beam can then either be used directly for scientific purposes or a part of it can be converted into a neutron beam using the right kind of converter. With such high energy protons, through a process called spallation, a proton can be absorbed by a heavy nucleus and produced several neutrons with lower energy.Such a neutron beam could be used to investigate a nucleosynthesis process only happening with tremendous neutron flux, the r-process. This process only happens during cataclysmic events like supernovae or neutron stars collisions. It is seen as the main responsible of the synthesis of the heaviest nuclei. Investigating experimentally this process is nowadays very difficult due to the high neutron flux at play but laser-driven neutron beam could be a way to address this problem. Other applications such as neutron therapy or neutron resonance spectroscopy could benefit from this new source.To use such a neutron beam, one need at first to characterize it. In this thesis we will present the development of a neutron detector adapted to the high intensity laser environment. This development includes prototype testing, Geant4 simulations and the calibration of the instrument using gamma and neutron sources.We will also present the results obtained from two campaigns using different versions of the detector we developed. One campaign took place at the LULI2000 (Palaiseau, France) facility and used a high efficiency design to investigate solid/plasma effect on nuclear reaction. The second campaign was the commissioning of the APOLLON facility (Saint-Aubin, France). A neutron time-of-flight version of the detector was used in order to measure both the energy spectrum and the intensity of the first neutron beam generated in this facility. (10.70675/ca178e00z5f74z42a7z8140z6140fa12b5e5)
DOI : 10.70675/ca178e00z5f74z42a7z8140z6140fa12b5e5
Numerical and experimental study of laser absorption in a plasma by inverse bremsstrahlung
- Devriendt Ronan
, 2022. Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) consists in compressing a millimeter-sized capsule of a mixture of Deuterium-Tritium using power lasers to reach the conditions of self-sustained thermonuclear fusion. Two methods of irradiation by power lasers are possible. For a direct drive, lasers are absorbed by the outer surface of the capsule. For an indirect drive, the capsule, located at the center of a gold cavity (hohlraum), is irradiated by an intense flux of X-rays resulting from laser absorption by the walls of the cavity. ICF experiments carried out for more than ten years in the USA at the National Ignition Facility have consistently shown that laser absorption by matter was still imperfectly modeled in the hydrodynamic-radiative simulations used for the design and post-shot modelling of these experiments.This thesis' goal is to improve the modelling of one of the main mechanisms of laser/matter coupling in ICF: radiation absorption by inverse bremsstrahlung (IB). We have proposed a parameterized model out of several models in the literature. The adjustable constants were evaluated for these various models from the literature (showing in passing the disparity) and we also evaluated these constants by classical molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations for two components (electrons-ions) weakly coupled plasmas (of interest to ICF) for ionization Z*=1 (weak) and Z*=10 (moderate). CMD simulation results seem to rule out certain hypotheses leading, in certain models, to a dependence of the Coulomb logarithm (which is a manifestation of microscopic collective effects in the absorption process) on the laser frequency regardless of intensity. We also implemented this parameterized model in the hydrodynamic-radiative code TROLL which was used to simulate a series of laser slab experiments (15 pure materials tested) carried out as part of this thesis on the GCLT facility at CEA DAM. The preliminary results of the comparison of these simulations with the experimental data (reflectivity over time, images of the evolution of the coronal plasma) allow an evaluation of the parameters which can be compared with the CMD values. (10.70675/68e67d72z2ffaz408dz829fz3f143628438f)
DOI : 10.70675/68e67d72z2ffaz408dz829fz3f143628438f
Diamond formation kinetics in shock-compressed C─H─O samples recorded by small-angle x-ray scattering and x-ray diffraction
- He Zhiyu
- Rödel Melanie
- Lütgert Julian
- Bergermann Armin
- Bethkenhagen Mandy
- Chekrygina Deniza
- Cowan Thomas
- Descamps Adrien
- French Martin
- Galtier Eric
- Gleason Arianna
- Glenn Griffin
- Glenzer Siegfried
- Inubushi Yuichi
- Hartley Nicholas
- Hernandez Jean-Alexis
- Heuser Benjamin
- Humphries Oliver
- Kamimura Nobuki
- Katagiri Kento
- Khaghani Dimitri
- Lee Hae Ja
- Mcbride Emma
- Miyanishi Kohei
- Nagler Bob
- Ofori-Okai Benjamin
- Ozaki Norimasa
- Pandolfi Silvia
- Qu Chongbing
- Ranjan Divyanshu
- Redmer Ronald
- Schoenwaelder Christopher
- Schuster Anja
- Stevenson Michael
- Sueda Keiichi
- Togashi Tadashi
- Vinci Tommaso
- Voigt Katja
- Vorberger Jan
- Yabashi Makina
- Yabuuchi Toshinori
- Zinta Lisa
- Ravasio Alessandra
- Kraus Dominik
Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2022, 8 (35), pp.eabo0617. Extreme conditions inside ice giants such as Uranus and Neptune can result in peculiar chemistry and structural transitions, e.g., the precipitation of diamonds or superionic water, as so far experimentally observed only for pure C─H and H 2 O systems, respectively. Here, we investigate a stoichiometric mixture of C and H 2 O by shock-compressing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics and performing in situ x-ray probing. We observe diamond formation at pressures between 72 ± 7 and 125 ± 13 GPa at temperatures ranging from ~3500 to ~6000 K. Combining x-ray diffraction and small-angle x-ray scattering, we access the kinetics of this exotic reaction. The observed demixing of C and H 2 O suggests that diamond precipitation inside the ice giants is enhanced by oxygen, which can lead to isolated water and thus the formation of superionic structures relevant to the planets’ magnetic fields. Moreover, our measurements indicate a way of producing nanodiamonds by simple laser-driven shock compression of cheap PET plastics. (10.1126/sciadv.abo0617)
DOI : 10.1126/sciadv.abo0617
Stabilized Radiation Pressure Acceleration and Neutron Generation in Ultrathin Deuterated Foils
- Alejo A.
- Ahmed H.
- Krygier A. G.
- Clarke R.
- Freeman R. R.
- Fuchs J.
- Green A.
- Green J. S.
- Jung D.
- Kleinschmidt A.
- Morrison J. T.
- Najmudin Z.
- Nakamura H.
- Norreys P.
- Notley M.
- Oliver M.
- Roth M.
- Vassura L.
- Zepf M.
- Borghesi M.
- Kar S.
Physical Review Letters, American Physical Society, 2022, 129 (11), pp.114801. Premature relativistic transparency of ultrathin, laser-irradiated targets is recognized as an obstacle to achieving a stable Radiation Pressure Acceleration in the 'Light Sail' (LS) mode. Experimental data, corroborated by 2D PIC simulations, show that a few-nm thick overcoat surface layer of high Z material significantly improves ion bunching at high energies during the acceleration. This is diagnosed by simultaneous ion and neutron spectroscopy following irradiation of deuterated plastic targets. In particular, copious and directional neutron production (significantly larger than for other in-target schemes) arises, under optimal parameters, as a signature of plasma layer integrity during the acceleration. (10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.114801)
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.114801
LED-pumped Cr:LiSAF laser system operating at 100 Hz based on a multipass amplifier
- Taleb Hussein
- Le Blanc Catherine
- Thellier Elio
- Pichon Pierre
- Druon Frédéric
- Balembois François
- Georges Patrick
Optics Letters, Optical Society of America - OSA Publishing, 2022, 47 (14), pp.3543-3546. The LED-pumping technology is used for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, to develop a complete master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system including a multipass amplifier. A pumping head using an original slab architecture is developed integrating a Cr:LiSAF slab pumped by 2112 blue LEDs via a Ce:YAG luminescent concentrator. The slab configuration enables the reaching of a large number of passes—up to 22—together with access to efficient cooling, allowing for a repetition rate scale up. For 22 passes, the amplifier delivers pulses with energy up to 2.4 mJ at 10-Hz repetition rate with a gain of 4.36 at 825 nm. A complete study of the MOPA is described, concluding in nearly constant performances versus the repetition rate, up to 100 Hz. (10.1364/OL.465115)
DOI : 10.1364/OL.465115
Zr-based bulk metallic glasses equation of state under laser shock compression and spall strength
- Raffray Yoann
- Jodar Benjamin
- Sangleboeuf Jean-Christophe
- A. Benuzzi-Mounaix
- Vinci Tommaso
- Berthe Laurent
- Lescoute Emilien
- Barraud Etienne
- Brambrink Erik
- Loison Didier
, 2022.
Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases induced by triplet repeat expansion by linked read haplotyping and Bayesian approach
- Liautard-Haag C.
- Durif G.
- Vangoethem C.
- Baux D.
- Louis A.
- Cayrefourcq L.
- Lamairia M.
- Willems M.
- Zordan C.
- Dorian V.
- Rooryck C.
- Goizet C.
- Chaussenot A.
- Monteil L.
- Calvas P.
- Miry C.
- Favre R.
- Le Boette E.
- Fradin M.
- Roux A.
- Cossée M.
- Koenig M.
- Alix-Panabière C.
- Guissart Claire
- Vincent M.
Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2022, 12 (1), pp.11423. Abstract The field of noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has undergone significant progress over the last decade. Direct haplotyping has been successfully applied for NIPD of few single-gene disorders. However, technical issues remain for triplet-repeat expansions. The objective of this study was to develop an NIPD approach for couples at risk of transmitting dynamic mutations. This method includes targeted enrichment for linked-read libraries and targeted maternal plasma DNA sequencing. We also developed an innovative Bayesian procedure to integrate the Hoobari fetal genotyping model for inferring the fetal haplotype and the targeted gene variant status. Our method of directly resolving parental haplotypes through targeted linked-read sequencing was smoothly performed using blood samples from families with Huntington’s disease or myotonic dystrophy type 1. The Bayesian analysis of transmission of parental haplotypes allowed defining the genotype of five fetuses. The predicted variant status of four of these fetuses was in agreement with the invasive prenatal diagnosis findings. Conversely, no conclusive result was obtained for the NIPD of fragile X syndrome. Although improvements should be made to achieve clinically acceptable accuracy, our study shows that linked-read sequencing and parental haplotype phasing can be successfully used for NIPD of triplet-repeat expansion diseases. Trial registration: NCT04698551_date of first registration: 07/01/2021. (10.1038/s41598-022-15307-2)
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-022-15307-2
HIBISCUS : simulateur pour la mise au point de stratégies de contrôle-commande des lasers CBC
- Rousseaux Thomas
- Primot Jérôme
- Chanteloup Jean-Christophe
- Rouzé Bastien
- Bellanger Cindy
, 2022. La CBC (Coherent Beam Combining) est une technologie clé pour la réalisation de lasers intenses. Nous présentons HIBISCUS, simulateur pour la conception d'asservissements de la phase des faisceaux de lasers CBC. Basé sur la technique PISTIL et un miroir déformable segmenté, il permet de tester et affiner différentes stratégies de contrôle-commande.
PISTIL, moyen de métrologie pour l'évaluation des lasers à combinaison cohérente
- Bellanger Cindy
- Rouzé Bastien
- Rousseaux Thomas
- Fsaifes Ihsan
- Chanteloup Jean-Christophe
- Primot J
- Primot Jérôme
, 2022. PISTIL est un moyen de métrologie interférométrique dédié à l'analyse des surfaces d'onde segmentées régulières. Sa facilité de mise en oeuvre et la qualité de ses mesures en font un analyseur idéal et indépendant pour le diagnostic de la mise en phase des lasers à combinaison cohérente. Les résultats présentés ici ont été obtenus sur le laser XCAN, laser digital composé de 61 fibres laser CBC.
Direct observations of pure electron outflow in magnetic reconnection
- Sakai K.
- Moritaka T.
- Morita T.
- Tomita K.
- Minami T.
- Nishimoto T.
- Egashira S.
- Ota M.
- Sakawa Y.
- Ozaki N.
- Kodama R.
- Kojima T.
- Takezaki T.
- Yamazaki R.
- Tanaka S J
- Aihara K.
- Koenig M.
- Albertazzi Bruno
- Mabey P.
- Woolsey N.
- Matsukiyo S.
- Takabe H.
- Hoshino M.
- Kuramitsu Y.
Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, 2022, 12 (1), pp.10921. Magnetic reconnection is a universal process in space, astrophysical, and laboratory plasmas. It alters magnetic field topology and results in energy release to the plasma. Here we report the experimental results of a pure electron outflow in magnetic reconnection, which is not accompanied with ion flows. By controlling an applied magnetic field in a laser produced plasma, we have constructed an experiment that magnetizes the electrons but not the ions. This allows us to isolate the electron dynamics from the ions. Collective Thomson scattering measurements reveal the electron Alfvénic outflow without ion outflow. The resultant plasmoid and whistler waves are observed with the magnetic induction probe measurements. We observe the unique features of electron-scale magnetic reconnection simultaneously in laser produced plasmas, including global structures, local plasma parameters, magnetic field, and waves. (10.1038/s41598-022-14582-3)
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-022-14582-3
Nonlinear Compton scattering in time-dependent electric fields: LCFA and beyond
- Gelfer E.G.
- Fedotov A.M.
- Mironov A.A.
- Weber S.
, 2022. Locally constant crossed field approximation (LCFA) is a powerful tool for theoretical and numerical studies of various strong field quantum electrodynamical effects. We explore this approximation in detail for photon emission by a spinless particle in a strong time-dependent electric field. This kind of electromagnetic fields is of particular interest, because, in contrast to the comprehensively studied case of a plane wave, they are not crossed. We develop an approach for calculating photon emission probability in a generic time-dependent electric field, establish the range of applicability of LCFA, and calculate the corrections to it.
A task programming implementation for the particle in Cell code SMILEI
- Massimo Francesco
- Lobet Mathieu
- Derouillat Julien
- Beck Arnaud
- Bouchard Guillaume
- Grech Mickael
- Pérez Frédéric
- Vinci Tommaso
, 2022, pp.1-13. An implementation of the electromagnetic Particle in Cell loop in the code Smilei using task programming is presented. Through OpenMP, the macro-particles operations are formulated in terms of tasks. This formulation allows asynchronous execution respecting the data dependencies of the macro-particle operations, the most time-consuming part of the code in simulations of interest for plasma physics. Through some benchmarks it is shown that this formulation can help mitigating the load imbalance of these operations at the OpenMP thread level. The improvements in strong scaling for load-imbalanced physical cases are discussed. (10.1145/3539781.3539788)
DOI : 10.1145/3539781.3539788
Zr-based bulk metallic glasses equation of state under laser shock compression and spall strength
- Raffray Yoann
- Jodar Benjamin
- Sangleboeuf Jean-Christophe
- A. Benuzzi-Mounaix
- Loison Didier
, 2022.
Absolute calibration of Fujifilm BAS-TR image plate response to laser driven protons up to 40 MeV
- Martin P.
- Ahmed H.
- Doria D.
- Alejo A.
- Clarke R.
- Ferguson S.
- Fernández-Tobias J.
- Freeman R.
- Fuchs J.
- Green A.
- Green J.
- Gwynne D.
- Hanton F.
- Jarrett J.
- Jung D.
- Kakolee K.
- Krygier A.
- Lewis C.
- Mcilvenny A.
- Mckenna P.
- Morrison J.
- Najmudin Z.
- Naughton K.
- Nersisyan G.
- Norreys P.
- Notley M.
- Roth M.
- Ruiz J.
- Scullion C.
- Zepf M.
- Zhai S.
- Borghesi M.
- Kar S.
Review of Scientific Instruments, American Institute of Physics, 2022, 93 (5), pp.053303. Image plates (IPs) are a popular detector in the field of laser driven ion acceleration, owing to their high dynamic range and reusability. An absolute calibration of these detectors to laser-driven protons in the routinely produced tens of MeV energy range is, therefore, essential. In this paper, the response of Fujifilm BAS-TR IPs to 1–40 MeV protons is calibrated by employing the detectors in high resolution Thomson parabola spectrometers in conjunction with a CR-39 nuclear track detector to determine absolute proton numbers. While CR-39 was placed in front of the image plate for lower energy protons, it was placed behind the image plate for energies above 10 MeV using suitable metal filters sandwiched between the image plate and CR-39 to select specific energies. The measured response agrees well with previously reported calibrations as well as standard models of IP response, providing, for the first time, an absolute calibration over a large range of proton energies of relevance to current experiments. (10.1063/5.0089402)
DOI : 10.1063/5.0089402
Laser-driven shocks of astrophysical interest
- Fazzini Alice
, 2022. The huge progress made over the last decades in the development of high-power lasers has allowed the access, in the laboratory, to extreme physical conditions of astrophysical relevance. The so-called “laboratory astrophysics” is the field of study that focuses on the experimental investigation of astrophysical phenomena which, through the use of scaling laws, can be emulated in the laboratory. In particular, such experimental effort aims at filling the inevitable gaps in the measurements of remote astrophysical events, which are limited by the enormous time and space scales at play. Indeed, the in situ study of certain objects remains impossible due to the enormous distances that separate them from the Earth, while the characteristic time scales of many phenomena are very large with respect to the typical time scales of our observation capabilities, making it difficult to have a dynamical study on those systems.Thanks to the more recent big advancement of computational science, the domain of numerical simulations has been developing. These can represent an important tool, thanks to their controllability and reproducibility (in spite of high costs in terms of computational hours), as they can describe a system in details. Nevertheless, they need precise analytical models to be based on and hence to validate, which cannot be provided by limited and incomplete observations. Laboratory astrophysics plays then a crucial role in the effort to understand astrophysical systems out of reach and to fully interpret astronomical observations, as they allow for their (scaled) reproduction in a controlled and well-characterized way.This PhD work is focused on the study of collisionless shock waves, which are phenomena taking place in many astrophysical contexts, such as supernova explosions and bow shocks. They are held responsible for the production of energetic particles (cosmic rays), whose energization mechanisms are nowadays not fully understood. A shock can be seen as an abrupt change in some physical quantities describing the physical system, which in hydrodynamics is mediated by collisional effects that dissipate in heat the kinetic energy of the fluid crossing the shock. When such a transition occurs on length scales much smaller than a particle mean free path, we are dealing with a “collisionless shock wave”. In this case, such discontinuities can form through the emission and absorption of collective excitations of the plasma.Experiments performed at high-power laser facilities have been the main investigation tool. In particular, two scenarios have been explored: a single supercritical shock and the interpenetration of two subcritical shocks. Our data analysis has also been supported by PIC simulations, which, together with MHD simulations run in collaboration with CELIA, made us better understand the microphysics taking place in our experiments. Finally, our results are viewed in the astrophysical context, allowing us to determine the relevant astrophysical scenarios to which our laboratory laser-driven shocks can apply. (10.70675/e55e6714za527z4861z8294z46715c0e5944)
DOI : 10.70675/e55e6714za527z4861z8294z46715c0e5944
Triggering star formation: Experimental compression of a foam ball induced by Taylor–Sedov blast waves
- Albertazzi Bruno
- Mabey P.
- Michel Th H
- Rigon G.
- Marquès J R
- Pikuz S.
- Ryazantsev S.
- Falize E.
- van Box Som L.
- Meinecke J.
- Ozaki N.
- Gregori G.
- Koenig M.
Matter and Radiation at Extremes, AIP Publishing, 2022, 7 (3), pp.036902. The interaction between a molecular cloud and an external agent (e.g., a supernova remnant, plasma jet, radiation, or another cloud) is a common phenomenon throughout the Universe and can significantly change the star formation rate within a galaxy. This process leads to fragmentation of the cloud and to its subsequent compression and can, eventually, initiate the gravitational collapse of a stable molecular cloud. It is, however, difficult to study such systems in detail using conventional techniques (numerical simulations and astronomical observations), since complex interactions of flows occur. In this paper, we experimentally investigate the compression of a foam ball by Taylor-Sedov blast waves, as an analog of supernova remnants interacting with a molecular cloud. The formation of a compression wave is observed in the foam ball, indicating the importance of such experiments for understanding how star formation is triggered by external agents. (10.1063/5.0068689)
DOI : 10.1063/5.0068689
Characterization of the stability and dynamics of a laser-produced plasma expanding across a strong magnetic field
- Yao Weipeng
- Capitaine Julien
- Khiar Benjamin
- Vinci Tommaso
- Burdonov Konstantin
- Béard Jérome
- Fuchs Julien
- Ciardi Andrea
Matter and Radiation at Extremes, AIP Publishing, 2022, 7 (2), pp.026903. Magnetized laser-produced plasmas are central to many studies in laboratory astrophysics, in inertial confinement fusion, and in industrial applications. Here, we present the results of large-scale three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the dynamics of a laser-produced plasma expanding into a transverse magnetic field with a strength of tens of teslas. The simulations show the plasma being confined by the strong magnetic field into a slender slab structured by the magnetized Rayleigh–Taylor instability that develops at the plasma–vacuum interface. We find that when the initial velocity of the plume is perturbed, the slab can develop kink-like motions that disrupt its propagation. (10.1063/5.0058306)
DOI : 10.1063/5.0058306
Ultrafast structural response of shock‐compressed plagioclase
- Gleason Arianna E
- Park Sulgiye
- Rittman Dylan R
- Ravasio Alessandra
- Langenhorst Falko
- Bolis Riccardo M
- Granados Eduardo
- Hok Sovanndara
- Kroll Thomas
- Sikorski Marcin
- Weng Tsu‐chien
- Lee Hae Ja
- Nagler Bob
- Sisson Thomas
- Xing Zhou
- Zhu Diling
- Giuli Gabriele
- Mao Wendy L
- Glenzer Siegfried H
- Sokaras Dimosthenis
- Alonso-Mori Roberto
Meteoritics and Planetary Science, Wiley, 2022, 57 (3), pp.635-643. Meteor impacts can induce unique pressure‐dependent structural changes in minerals due to the propagation of shock waves. Plagioclase—ubiquitous throughout the Earth’s crust, extraterrestrial bodies, and meteorites—is commonly used for reconstructing the impact history and conditions of the parent bodies. However, there have been unresolved inconsistencies in the interpretation of shock transformations across previous studies: The pressure at which amorphization begins and the process by which it occurs is the subject of ongoing debate. Here, we utilize time‐resolved in situ X‐ray diffraction (XRD) to probe the phase transformation pathway of plagioclase during shock compression at a sub‐nanosecond timescale. Direct amorphization begins at pressures much lower than what was previously assumed, just above the Hugoniot elastic limit of 5 GPa, with full amorphization to a high‐density amorphous phase, observed at 32(10) GPa and 20 ns. Upon release, the material partially recrystallizes back into the original structure, demonstrating a memory effect. (10.1111/maps.13785)
DOI : 10.1111/maps.13785

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